可持续奶牛养殖与循环饲料中的氟虫腈风险:意大利案例研究的启示。

IF 2.3 3区 农林科学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED
Mara Gasparini, Gianfranco Brambilla, Simonetta Menotta, Giovanni Albrici, Valeriano Avezzù, Roberta Vitali, Giovanni Buonaiuto, Martina Lamanna, Damiano Cavallini
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引用次数: 0

摘要

循环饲料,如谷物干蒸馏物、柑橘浆、甘蔗糖蜜和土豆皮,都是生物质加工的副产品。目前,在动物营养学中提议使用它们来改善食品生产链的环境和经济可持续性。在本文中,我们报告了一个涉及氟虫腈的案例研究,氟虫腈是一种目前未被欧盟授权用于农业的杀虫剂,但在美洲、东欧和亚洲使用。在一批用于奶牛的谷物干蒸馏器中,发现氟虫腈的平均含量为 0.49 毫克/千克。这一发现以及饲料原料中可能存在氟虫腈的其他证据,促使我们对 12 种不同的常规和可持续饲养方法对食品安全和粮食安全造成的风险进行评估。为此,我们考虑了 0.52 的氟虫腈从饲料到牛奶的携带率,欧盟、食品法典和美国环保局规定的饲料和食品中的耐受水平,以及 0.0002 毫克/千克体重的每日允许摄入量(ADI)对奶牛甲状腺功能的不良影响。在保守情况下,饲喂方案中受氟虫腈污染的马铃薯皮和谷物蒸馏物可能会导致牛乳和牛脂中氟虫腈残留量超过欧盟最高残留限量(分别为 0.005 毫克/千克和 0.030 毫克/千克)。含有大豆壳和甘蔗糖蜜的干草日粮的风险可忽略不计(危害指数 ∼ 1)。在所有情况下,每日允许摄入量超标都表明有必要对接触氟虫腈的奶牛的甲状腺功能进行评估,将其作为一个食品安全因素。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Sustainable dairy farming and fipronil risk in circular feeds: insights from an Italian case study.

Circular feeds, such as grain dry distillers, citrus pulp, cane molasses, and potatoes peels, are co-products of biomass processes. They are currently proposed in animal nutrition to improve the environmental and economic sustainability of the food production chain. In this paper, we report a case study involving fipronil, a pesticide currently not authorized for agriculture within the EU, but used in the Americas, Eastern Europe, and Asia. Fipronil was found at a mean level of 0.49 mg/kg, in a grain dry distiller batch administered to dairy cows. This finding, along with other evidence of potential fipronil presence in feed materials, prompted us to evaluate the risk to food safety and food security from 12 different conventional and sustainable feeding regimens. To this purpose, we considered a fipronil feed-to-milk carry-over rate of 0.52, the tolerance levels in fodders and food from The EU, Codex Alimentarius, and US-EPA, and the Acceptable Daily Intake (ADI) of 0.0002 mg/kg body weight for adverse effects on thyroid function in dairy cows. Under a conservative scenario, fipronil-contaminated potato peels and grain distillers in the feeding regimens may play a pivotal role in exceeding the EU Maximum Residue Level (MRL) in bovine milk and fat (0.005 and 0.030 mg/kg, respectively). Hay-based diets with soybean hulls and cane molasses show negligible risks (Hazard Index ∼ 1). In all cases, the ADI exceedance suggests the need to evaluate thyroid function in dairy cows exposed to fipronil as a food security factor.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
7.40
自引率
6.90%
发文量
136
审稿时长
3 months
期刊介绍: Food Additives & Contaminants: Part A publishes original research papers and critical reviews covering analytical methodology, occurrence, persistence, safety evaluation, detoxification and regulatory control of natural and man-made additives and contaminants in the food and animal feed chain. Papers are published in the areas of food additives including flavourings, pesticide and veterinary drug residues, environmental contaminants, plant toxins, mycotoxins, marine biotoxins, trace elements, migration from food packaging, food process contaminants, adulteration, authenticity and allergenicity of foods. Papers are published on animal feed where residues and contaminants can give rise to food safety concerns. Contributions cover chemistry, biochemistry and bioavailability of these substances, factors affecting levels during production, processing, packaging and storage; the development of novel foods and processes; exposure and risk assessment.
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