长 COVID 疾病中的色氨酸代谢产物或犬尿氨酸途径：系统回顾和荟萃分析。

IF 2.9 3区医学 Q2 NEUROSCIENCES

Neuroscience Pub Date : 2024-10-17 DOI:10.1016/j.neuroscience.2024.10.021

Abbas F. Almulla , Yanin Thipakorn , Bo Zhou , Aristo Vojdani , Rossitsa Paunova , Michael Maes

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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景：最近的研究证实，免疫炎症反应的激活以及氧化应激和亚硝基应激的增加参与了Long COVID（LC）疾病。然而，这些途径通过 TRP 分解物（TRYCAT）途径对色氨酸（TRP）代谢的影响及其对 LC 病理生理学的介导作用尚未得到充分探讨：本荟萃分析调查了 LC 患者的外周 TRP 和 TRYCAT 水平以及 TRYCAT 途径：本综述系统检索了 PubMed、Google Scholar 和 SciFinder，包括 14 篇全文文章和 1,167 名参与者，其中包括 480 名 LC 患者和 687 名正常对照者：结果表明，与正常对照组相比，LC 患者的犬尿氨酸（KYN）/TRP 比值明显增加，且影响范围较大（标准化平均差，SMD = 0.755；置信区间，CI：0.119;1.392）。此外，LC 患者的 TRP 水平显著下降（SMD = -0.520，CI：-0.793；-0.246），而在归因缺失研究后，KYN 水平上升（SMD = 1.176，CI：0.474；1.877），这表明吲哚胺 2,3-二氧化酶（IDO）被激活，TRYCAT 通路被上调。与正常对照组相比，LC 患者的 TRYCAT 相关神经毒性、犬尿氨酸（KA）/KYN 和 3-羟基犬尿氨酸（3-HK）/KYN 比率未见明显升高：目前的研究结果表明，激活的 TRYCAT 通路在 LC 的病理生理学中起着重要作用，其特点是 TRP 水平降低，KYN 水平可能升高。

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The tryptophan catabolite or kynurenine pathway in long COVID disease: A systematic review and meta-analysis

Background

Recent studies confirm the involvement of activated immune-inflammatory responses and increased oxidative and nitrosative stress in Long COVID (LC) disease. However, the influence of these pathways on the metabolism of tryptophan (TRP) through the TRP catabolite (TRYCAT) pathway and their mediating effects on LC pathophysiology, has not been fully explored.

Objective

This meta-analysis investigates peripheral TRP and TRYCAT levels and the TRYCAT pathway in patients with LC disease.

Method

This review utilized systematic searches of PubMed, Google Scholar, SCOPUS and SciFinder, including 14 full-text articles and 1,167 participants, consisting of 480 patients with LC and 687 normal controls.

Results

The results indicated a significant increase in the kynurenine (KYN)/TRP ratio, with a large effect size (standardized mean difference, SMD = 0.755; confidence intervals, CI: 0.119;1.392), in LC patients compared to normal controls. Additionally, LC patients exhibited a significant decrease in TRP levels (SMD = −0.520, CI: −0.793; −0.246) and an increase in KYN levels after imputing missing studies (SMD = 1.176, CI: 0.474; 1.877), suggesting activation of the indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO) enzyme and upregulation of the TRYCAT pathway. No significant elevation in TRYCAT-related neurotoxicity, kynurenic acid (KA)/KYN and 3-hydroxykynurenine (3-HK)/KYN ratios were observed in LC patients compared to normal controls.

Conclusion

The current findings suggest that an activated TRYCAT pathway, characterized by decreased TRP levels and maybe elevated KYN levels, plays a significant role in the pathophysiology of LC.

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来源期刊

Neuroscience 医学-神经科学

CiteScore

6.20

自引率

0.00%

发文量

394

审稿时长

52 days

期刊介绍： Neuroscience publishes papers describing the results of original research on any aspect of the scientific study of the nervous system. Any paper, however short, will be considered for publication provided that it reports significant, new and carefully confirmed findings with full experimental details.