玉米(Zea mays L.)品系苗期对碳酸氢钠的耐受性

IF 4 2区 农林科学 Q2 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
Huijuan Tian, Shuqi Ding, Dan Zhang, Jinbin Wang, Mengting Hu, Kaizhi Yang, Ying Hao, Nan Qiao, Wentao Du, Ruifeng Li, Xudong Yang, Ruohang Xu
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引用次数: 0

摘要

(1) 土壤碱化和盐碱化是一个日益严峻的全球性挑战。玉米(Zea mays L.)对盐碱的耐受性相对较低,越来越容易受到盐碱胁迫的影响。鉴定能够耐盐碱的玉米基因型对于扩大耐盐碱玉米种质资源的基础至关重要。(2)在本研究中,我们利用 60 mM NaHCO3 溶液筛选了 65 份玉米种质资源,以确定其是否能承受碱胁迫。我们测量了 15 项形态和生理指标,包括苗高、茎粗和叶面积。我们采用了多种分析方法--相关分析、主成分分析、从属函数分析、聚类分析、逐步判别分析和脊回归分析--来评估这些玉米种质资源的幼苗耐碱性。对六个受试玉米品种的生理指标进行了更详细的分析。(3)研究结果表明,各性状之间存在复杂的相关性,尤其是电导率与根系性状(如长度、体积、表面积、直径和分枝数)之间存在强烈的负相关。15 个评价指标被简化为 7 个主成分,解释了 77.89% 的方差。通过应用隶属函数和权重,我们得出了玉米幼苗耐碱性的综合评价。值得注意的是,良玉 99、碧香 638 和甘新 2818 这三个种质表现出显著的苗期综合耐碱性。聚类分析将 65 份玉米种质资源分为四个不同的类别(I、II、III 和 IV)。聚类分析的结果得到了多类逐步判别分析的证实,60 个玉米基因型的耐碱性分类正确率达到 92.3%。通过主成分分析和脊回归分析,我们得出了耐碱性的回归方程:D 值 = -1.369 + 0.002 * 相对根量 + 0.003 * 相对根叉数 + 0.006 * 相对叶绿素 SPAD + 0.005 * 相对茎粗 + 0.005 * 相对株高 + 0.001 * 相对电导率 + 0.002 * 地下部分相对干重。在碳酸氢钠胁迫下,玉米的形态指数和发芽率明显降低,发芽受到抑制,叶片中光合色素含量不同程度下降,过氧化物酶(POD)、超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)和过氧化氢酶(CAT)的活性明显升高。碱胁迫明显增强了玉米品种的抗氧化酶活性,在碱胁迫下,抗碱品种的抗氧化酶活性比对碱敏感的品种有更大的提高。(4)通过对玉米幼苗耐碱性的筛选,可进一步将鉴定出的耐碱基因型作为合适的供体亲本,从而提高耐碱种质资源的利用率,为玉米在盐碱环境中的栽培提供理论指导。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Sodium Bicarbonate Tolerance During Seedling Stages of Maize (Zea mays L.) Lines

(1) Soil alkalinization and salinization represent a growing global challenge. Maize (Zea mays L.), with its relatively low tolerance to salt and alkali, is increasingly vulnerable to saline-alkali stress. Identifying maize genotypes that can withstand salinity and alkalinity is crucial to broaden the base of salt-alkali-tolerant maize germplasm. (2) In this study, we screened 65 maize germplasm resources for alkali stress using a 60 mM NaHCO3 solution. We measured fifteen morphological and physiological indices, including seedling height, stem thickness, and leaf area. Various analytical methods—correlation analysis, principal component analysis, subordinate function analysis, cluster analysis, stepwise discriminant analysis, and ridge regression analysis—were used to assess the seedling alkali tolerance of these maize germplasm resources. The physiological indices of six tested maize varieties were analyzed in greater detail. (3) The findings revealed complex correlations among traits, particularly strong negative associations between conductivity and root traits such as length, volume, surface area, diameter, and number of branches. The 15 evaluation indices were reduced to 7 principal components, explaining 77.89% of the variance. By applying affiliation functions and weights, we derived a comprehensive evaluation of maize seedling alkali tolerance. Notably, three germplasms—Liang Yu 99, Bi Xiang 638, and Gan Xin 2818—demonstrated significant comprehensive seedling alkali tolerance. Cluster analysis grouped the 65 maize germplasm resources into four distinct categories (I, II, III, and IV). The results of the cluster analysis were confirmed by multiclass stepwise discriminant analysis, which achieved a correct classification rate of 92.3% for 60 maize genotypes regarding alkalinity tolerance. Using principal component and ridge regression analyses, we formulated a regression equation for alkali tolerance: D-value = −1.369 + 0.002 * relative root volume + 0.003 * relative number of root forks + 0.006 * relative chlorophyll SPAD + 0.005 * relative stem thickness + 0.005 * relative plant height + 0.001 * relative conductivity + 0.002 * relative dry weight of underground parts. Under sodium bicarbonate stress, morphological indices and germination rates were significantly reduced, germination was inhibited, photosynthetic pigment levels in maize leaves decreased to varying degrees, and the activities of peroxidase (POD), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) significantly increased. Alkali stress markedly enhanced the antioxidant enzyme activities in maize varieties, with alkali-resistant varieties exhibiting a greater increase in antioxidant enzyme activities than alkali-sensitive varieties under such stress. (4) By screening for alkali tolerance in maize seedlings, the identified alkali-tolerant genotypes can be further utilized as suitable donor parents, thereby enhancing the use of alkali-tolerant germplasm resources and providing theoretical guidance for maize cultivation in saline-alkaline environments.

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来源期刊
Food and Energy Security
Food and Energy Security Energy-Renewable Energy, Sustainability and the Environment
CiteScore
9.30
自引率
4.00%
发文量
76
审稿时长
19 weeks
期刊介绍: Food and Energy Security seeks to publish high quality and high impact original research on agricultural crop and forest productivity to improve food and energy security. It actively seeks submissions from emerging countries with expanding agricultural research communities. Papers from China, other parts of Asia, India and South America are particularly welcome. The Editorial Board, headed by Editor-in-Chief Professor Martin Parry, is determined to make FES the leading publication in its sector and will be aiming for a top-ranking impact factor. Primary research articles should report hypothesis driven investigations that provide new insights into mechanisms and processes that determine productivity and properties for exploitation. Review articles are welcome but they must be critical in approach and provide particularly novel and far reaching insights. Food and Energy Security offers authors a forum for the discussion of the most important advances in this field and promotes an integrative approach of scientific disciplines. Papers must contribute substantially to the advancement of knowledge. Examples of areas covered in Food and Energy Security include: • Agronomy • Biotechnological Approaches • Breeding & Genetics • Climate Change • Quality and Composition • Food Crops and Bioenergy Feedstocks • Developmental, Physiology and Biochemistry • Functional Genomics • Molecular Biology • Pest and Disease Management • Post Harvest Biology • Soil Science • Systems Biology
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