Evaluation of the effect of dietary supplementation with Allium mongolicum regel bulb powder on the volatile compound and lipid profiles of the longissimus thoracis in Angus calves based on GC–IMS and lipidomic analysis

The effect of A. mongolicum Regel bulb powder (AMRP) supplementation on the flavour of beef from Angus calves has not been investigated thus far. We used GC–IMS and untargeted lipidomics techniques to examine the volatile compound and lipid metabolic profiles and reveal the effects of dietary AMRP supplementation on the flavour of beef. A total of 6 characteristic volatile compounds and 30 key lipid compounds were identified in the AMRP treatment group. AMRP promoted the release of triglycerides and phosphatidylinositols from beef and accelerated the production of volatile compounds such as ethyl acetate, 1-penten-3-one, and tetrahydrofurane, and the production of these three characteristic volatile compounds was significantly correlated with the UFAs in triglycerides according to correlation analysis. In summary, dietary AMRP supplementation had a positive effect on the flavour of beef, and these findings provide a theoretical basis for the development and utilisation of AMRP as a feed additive.