用于 UWA OFDM 系统时间和频率同步的 Zadoff-Chu 序列先导

IF 2.6 3区 工程技术 Q2 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS
Seunghwan Seol, Yongcheol Kim, Minho Kim, Jaehak Chung
{"title":"用于 UWA OFDM 系统时间和频率同步的 Zadoff-Chu 序列先导","authors":"Seunghwan Seol, Yongcheol Kim, Minho Kim, Jaehak Chung","doi":"10.3390/electronics13183679","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"In underwater communications for 6G, Doppler effects cause the coherent time to become similar to or shorter than the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol length. Conventional time and frequency synchronization methods require additional training symbols for synchronization, which reduces the traffic data rate. This paper proposes the Zadoff–Chu sequence (ZCS) pilot-based OFDM for time and frequency synchronization. The proposed method transmits ZCS as a pilot for OFDM symbols and simultaneously transmits traffic data to increase the traffic data rate while estimating the CFO at each coherence time. For time–frequency synchronization, the correlation of the ZCS pilot is used to perform coarse and fine time and frequency synchronization in two stages. Since the traffic data cause interference with the correlation of ZCS pilots, we theoretically analyzed the relationship between the amount of traffic data and interference and verified it through computer simulations. The synchronization and BER performance of the proposed ZCS pilot-based OFDM were evaluated by conduction computer simulations and a practical ocean experiment. Compared to the methods of Ren, Yang, and Avrashi, the proposed method demonstrated a 6.3% to 14.3% increase in traffic data rate with similar BER performance and a 2 dB to 3.8 dB SNR gain for a 14.3% to 23.8% decrease in traffic data rate.","PeriodicalId":11646,"journal":{"name":"Electronics","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-09-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Zadoff–Chu Sequence Pilot for Time and Frequency Synchronization in UWA OFDM System\",\"authors\":\"Seunghwan Seol, Yongcheol Kim, Minho Kim, Jaehak Chung\",\"doi\":\"10.3390/electronics13183679\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"In underwater communications for 6G, Doppler effects cause the coherent time to become similar to or shorter than the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol length. Conventional time and frequency synchronization methods require additional training symbols for synchronization, which reduces the traffic data rate. This paper proposes the Zadoff–Chu sequence (ZCS) pilot-based OFDM for time and frequency synchronization. The proposed method transmits ZCS as a pilot for OFDM symbols and simultaneously transmits traffic data to increase the traffic data rate while estimating the CFO at each coherence time. For time–frequency synchronization, the correlation of the ZCS pilot is used to perform coarse and fine time and frequency synchronization in two stages. Since the traffic data cause interference with the correlation of ZCS pilots, we theoretically analyzed the relationship between the amount of traffic data and interference and verified it through computer simulations. The synchronization and BER performance of the proposed ZCS pilot-based OFDM were evaluated by conduction computer simulations and a practical ocean experiment. Compared to the methods of Ren, Yang, and Avrashi, the proposed method demonstrated a 6.3% to 14.3% increase in traffic data rate with similar BER performance and a 2 dB to 3.8 dB SNR gain for a 14.3% to 23.8% decrease in traffic data rate.\",\"PeriodicalId\":11646,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Electronics\",\"volume\":null,\"pages\":null},\"PeriodicalIF\":2.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-09-16\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Electronics\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"5\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13183679\",\"RegionNum\":3,\"RegionCategory\":\"工程技术\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q2\",\"JCRName\":\"COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Electronics","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.3390/electronics13183679","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0

摘要

在面向 6G 的水下通信中,多普勒效应会导致相干时间变得与正交频分复用(OFDM)符号长度相似或更短。传统的时间和频率同步方法需要额外的训练符号进行同步,从而降低了通信数据传输速率。本文提出了基于 Zadoff-Chu 序列(ZCS)先导的 OFDM 时间和频率同步方法。该方法将 ZCS 作为 OFDM 符号的先导进行传输,并同时传输流量数据,以提高流量数据传输速率,同时估计每个相干时间的 CFO。在时频同步方面,利用 ZCS 先导的相关性分两个阶段进行粗、细时间和频率同步。由于流量数据会对 ZCS 先导相关性产生干扰,我们从理论上分析了流量数据量与干扰之间的关系,并通过计算机仿真进行了验证。通过计算机仿真和实际海洋实验,评估了所提出的基于 ZCS 试点的 OFDM 的同步和误码率性能。与 Ren、Yang 和 Avrashi 的方法相比,所提出的方法在误码率性能相似的情况下,流量数据率提高了 6.3% 至 14.3%;在流量数据率降低 14.3% 至 23.8% 的情况下,信噪比增益为 2 dB 至 3.8 dB。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Zadoff–Chu Sequence Pilot for Time and Frequency Synchronization in UWA OFDM System
In underwater communications for 6G, Doppler effects cause the coherent time to become similar to or shorter than the orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) symbol length. Conventional time and frequency synchronization methods require additional training symbols for synchronization, which reduces the traffic data rate. This paper proposes the Zadoff–Chu sequence (ZCS) pilot-based OFDM for time and frequency synchronization. The proposed method transmits ZCS as a pilot for OFDM symbols and simultaneously transmits traffic data to increase the traffic data rate while estimating the CFO at each coherence time. For time–frequency synchronization, the correlation of the ZCS pilot is used to perform coarse and fine time and frequency synchronization in two stages. Since the traffic data cause interference with the correlation of ZCS pilots, we theoretically analyzed the relationship between the amount of traffic data and interference and verified it through computer simulations. The synchronization and BER performance of the proposed ZCS pilot-based OFDM were evaluated by conduction computer simulations and a practical ocean experiment. Compared to the methods of Ren, Yang, and Avrashi, the proposed method demonstrated a 6.3% to 14.3% increase in traffic data rate with similar BER performance and a 2 dB to 3.8 dB SNR gain for a 14.3% to 23.8% decrease in traffic data rate.
求助全文
通过发布文献求助,成功后即可免费获取论文全文。 去求助
来源期刊
Electronics
Electronics Computer Science-Computer Networks and Communications
CiteScore
1.10
自引率
10.30%
发文量
3515
审稿时长
16.71 days
期刊介绍: Electronics (ISSN 2079-9292; CODEN: ELECGJ) is an international, open access journal on the science of electronics and its applications published quarterly online by MDPI.
×
引用
GB/T 7714-2015
复制
MLA
复制
APA
复制
导出至
BibTeX EndNote RefMan NoteFirst NoteExpress
×
提示
您的信息不完整,为了账户安全,请先补充。
现在去补充
×
提示
您因"违规操作"
具体请查看互助需知
我知道了
×
提示
确定
请完成安全验证×
copy
已复制链接
快去分享给好友吧!
我知道了
右上角分享
点击右上角分享
0
联系我们:info@booksci.cn Book学术提供免费学术资源搜索服务,方便国内外学者检索中英文文献。致力于提供最便捷和优质的服务体验。 Copyright © 2023 布克学术 All rights reserved.
京ICP备2023020795号-1
ghs 京公网安备 11010802042870号
Book学术文献互助
Book学术文献互助群
群 号:481959085
Book学术官方微信