Techno-economic analysis and operational challenges of a standalone integrated renewable energy system

This paper presents a comprehensive analysis of a stand-alone integrated renewable energy system (IRES) for addressing the technical, economic, and operational challenges. In the context, different renewable resource based three configurations viz: SPV/BES, HPP/SPV/BES, and BGG/HPP/SPV/BES are compared in terms of life cycle cost (LCC) and cost of energy (COE) at 0% loss of power supply probability (LPSP). The system is coded in MATLAB© environment for optimal sizing and economic analysis. The findings suggest that the BGG/HPP/SPV/BES configuration provides the most cost-effective results, showcasing a total LCC of $917,000 and COE of 0.22 $/kWh. In response to technical and operational challenges, particularly those related to load frequency control, a MATLAB/Simulink model of optimal configuration is developed. Introducing a fuzzy logic controller tuned proportional integral derivative (FL-PID) controller, aiming to sustain equilibrium in active power, stable DC bus voltage, consistent output AC voltage, effectively managing fluctuations in solar radiation and load demand. These findings provide vital insights for the successful design and implementation of IRESs.