等价关系和功能转换的中介理论。

IF 1.4 3区 心理学 Q4 BEHAVIORAL SCIENCES
Henry D. Schlinger Jr., Elbert Blakely
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在这篇文章中,我们描述了一种中介理论,即从匹配到样本的过程中产生的等价和功能转换所产生的新兴或衍生关系。根据中介理论,强化时发生的行为会中介随后的行为关系,即 "派生 "或 "突发 "关系。几十年来,在对人类和非人类进行的研究中,这种关系已被记录在案,这些研究大多采用匹配到样本的程序。在会说话的人类和非人类参与者中,中介行为包括对样本刺激的不同反应。在人类中,这种行为主要是但不一定是口头的;在非人类中,它们包括各种针对特定样本的反应,有时称为 "编码"。所提出的中介理论仅以四项或然性和操作性学习的基本原理为基础,就做出了具体的预测,并解释了大量实验的结果。中介理论至少有三个重要影响。首先,如果 "派生 "或 "出现 "是指未经训练或未经强化,那么派生关系可能就不存在。第二,如果不存在派生关系,那么这种关系的理论可能就没有必要。第三,关系反应的中介理论对临床实践具有潜在的重要意义。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

A mediational theory of equivalence relations and transformation of function

A mediational theory of equivalence relations and transformation of function

In this article, we describe a mediational theory of emergent or derived relations resulting from matching-to-sample procedures that produce equivalence and transformation of function. According to a mediational theory, behaviors that occur at the time of reinforcement mediate subsequent behavioral relations referred to as “derived” or “emergent.” Such relations have been documented for decades in studies using mostly matching-to-sample procedures with humans and nonhumans. In both verbal human and nonhuman participants, the mediating behaviors consist of differential responding to the sample stimulus. In humans, such behaviors are mostly, but not necessarily, verbal; in nonhumans they include a variety of sample-specific responses, sometimes called “coding.” The proposed mediational theory, based only on the four-term contingency and the basic principles of operant learning, makes specific predictions and explains results from a broad range of experiments. There are at least three important implications of a mediational theory. First, if by “derived” or “emergent” one means untrained or unreinforced, then derived relations may not exist. Second, if there are no derived relations, then theories of such relations may not be necessary. Third, a mediational theory of relational responding has potentially important implications for clinical practice.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
3.90
自引率
14.80%
发文量
83
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: Journal of the Experimental Analysis of Behavior is primarily for the original publication of experiments relevant to the behavior of individual organisms.
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