{"title":"播散性原皮细胞增多症:病例报告和文献综述。","authors":"Safoura Shakoei MD, Farid Mohamadi MD, Fereshteh Ghiasvand MD, Ali Reza Khosravi MD, Kambiz Kamyab MD, Faeze Salahshour MD","doi":"10.1111/cup.14668","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Background</h3>\n \n <p>Human protothecosis is an uncommon infection caused by <i>Prototheca</i> spp that rarely infects humans.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Aim</h3>\n \n <p>Description of a rare disease and a review of its articles.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\n \n <p>We reported a 24-year-old man who presented with red-brown papules and plaques on the trunk's lateral side. We reviewed the literature about disseminated protothecosis and reported our experience with a patient with protothecosis between 2021 and 2023.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Results</h3>\n \n <p>Overall, 54 cases of disseminated protothecosis were evaluated, 39 were due to <i>P. wickerhamii</i>, 12 were due to <i>P. zopfii</i> (22.2%), and three were due to <i>Prototheca</i> spp. We found that males were more affected (37 cases, 68.5%) than females (16 cases, 29.6%). The mean age of patients was 39.53 ± 22.48 years. However, disseminated protothecosis can affect people of any age (1–80 years). In contrast to <i>P. wickerhamii</i>, which causes blood, skin, brain, and gastrointestinal tract infections, <i>P. zopfii</i> was mainly found in the blood (7/22) and did not have a significant difference in the mortality rate (<i>P</i> = 0.11).</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Discussion</h3>\n \n <p>Disseminated protothecosis is a rare disease in immunocompromised patients but is generally rarer in immunocompetent hosts. Several underlying disorders include immunocompromised patients, prolonged application of steroids, diabetes mellitus, malignancies, organ transplantation, AIDS, and surgeries. Amphotericin B has been the most effective agent for protothecosis and is reserved for visceral and disseminated infections. Regarding localized cutaneous types, excision or surgical debridement is used.</p>\n </section>\n \n <section>\n \n <h3> Conclusion</h3>\n \n <p>Mulberry's appearance and appropriate cultural environments are helpful in diagnosing it.</p>\n </section>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":15407,"journal":{"name":"Journal of Cutaneous Pathology","volume":"51 9","pages":"705-713"},"PeriodicalIF":1.6000,"publicationDate":"2024-06-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Disseminated protothecosis: Case report and review of the literature\",\"authors\":\"Safoura Shakoei MD, Farid Mohamadi MD, Fereshteh Ghiasvand MD, Ali Reza Khosravi MD, Kambiz Kamyab MD, Faeze Salahshour MD\",\"doi\":\"10.1111/cup.14668\",\"DOIUrl\":null,\"url\":null,\"abstract\":\"<div>\\n \\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Background</h3>\\n \\n <p>Human protothecosis is an uncommon infection caused by <i>Prototheca</i> spp that rarely infects humans.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Aim</h3>\\n \\n <p>Description of a rare disease and a review of its articles.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Materials and Methods</h3>\\n \\n <p>We reported a 24-year-old man who presented with red-brown papules and plaques on the trunk's lateral side. We reviewed the literature about disseminated protothecosis and reported our experience with a patient with protothecosis between 2021 and 2023.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Results</h3>\\n \\n <p>Overall, 54 cases of disseminated protothecosis were evaluated, 39 were due to <i>P. wickerhamii</i>, 12 were due to <i>P. zopfii</i> (22.2%), and three were due to <i>Prototheca</i> spp. We found that males were more affected (37 cases, 68.5%) than females (16 cases, 29.6%). The mean age of patients was 39.53 ± 22.48 years. However, disseminated protothecosis can affect people of any age (1–80 years). In contrast to <i>P. wickerhamii</i>, which causes blood, skin, brain, and gastrointestinal tract infections, <i>P. zopfii</i> was mainly found in the blood (7/22) and did not have a significant difference in the mortality rate (<i>P</i> = 0.11).</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Discussion</h3>\\n \\n <p>Disseminated protothecosis is a rare disease in immunocompromised patients but is generally rarer in immunocompetent hosts. Several underlying disorders include immunocompromised patients, prolonged application of steroids, diabetes mellitus, malignancies, organ transplantation, AIDS, and surgeries. Amphotericin B has been the most effective agent for protothecosis and is reserved for visceral and disseminated infections. Regarding localized cutaneous types, excision or surgical debridement is used.</p>\\n </section>\\n \\n <section>\\n \\n <h3> Conclusion</h3>\\n \\n <p>Mulberry's appearance and appropriate cultural environments are helpful in diagnosing it.</p>\\n </section>\\n </div>\",\"PeriodicalId\":15407,\"journal\":{\"name\":\"Journal of Cutaneous Pathology\",\"volume\":\"51 9\",\"pages\":\"705-713\"},\"PeriodicalIF\":1.6000,\"publicationDate\":\"2024-06-11\",\"publicationTypes\":\"Journal Article\",\"fieldsOfStudy\":null,\"isOpenAccess\":false,\"openAccessPdf\":\"\",\"citationCount\":\"0\",\"resultStr\":null,\"platform\":\"Semanticscholar\",\"paperid\":null,\"PeriodicalName\":\"Journal of Cutaneous Pathology\",\"FirstCategoryId\":\"3\",\"ListUrlMain\":\"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/cup.14668\",\"RegionNum\":4,\"RegionCategory\":\"医学\",\"ArticlePicture\":[],\"TitleCN\":null,\"AbstractTextCN\":null,\"PMCID\":null,\"EPubDate\":\"\",\"PubModel\":\"\",\"JCR\":\"Q3\",\"JCRName\":\"DERMATOLOGY\",\"Score\":null,\"Total\":0}","platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Journal of Cutaneous Pathology","FirstCategoryId":"3","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1111/cup.14668","RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q3","JCRName":"DERMATOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
Disseminated protothecosis: Case report and review of the literature
Background
Human protothecosis is an uncommon infection caused by Prototheca spp that rarely infects humans.
Aim
Description of a rare disease and a review of its articles.
Materials and Methods
We reported a 24-year-old man who presented with red-brown papules and plaques on the trunk's lateral side. We reviewed the literature about disseminated protothecosis and reported our experience with a patient with protothecosis between 2021 and 2023.
Results
Overall, 54 cases of disseminated protothecosis were evaluated, 39 were due to P. wickerhamii, 12 were due to P. zopfii (22.2%), and three were due to Prototheca spp. We found that males were more affected (37 cases, 68.5%) than females (16 cases, 29.6%). The mean age of patients was 39.53 ± 22.48 years. However, disseminated protothecosis can affect people of any age (1–80 years). In contrast to P. wickerhamii, which causes blood, skin, brain, and gastrointestinal tract infections, P. zopfii was mainly found in the blood (7/22) and did not have a significant difference in the mortality rate (P = 0.11).
Discussion
Disseminated protothecosis is a rare disease in immunocompromised patients but is generally rarer in immunocompetent hosts. Several underlying disorders include immunocompromised patients, prolonged application of steroids, diabetes mellitus, malignancies, organ transplantation, AIDS, and surgeries. Amphotericin B has been the most effective agent for protothecosis and is reserved for visceral and disseminated infections. Regarding localized cutaneous types, excision or surgical debridement is used.
Conclusion
Mulberry's appearance and appropriate cultural environments are helpful in diagnosing it.
期刊介绍:
Journal of Cutaneous Pathology publishes manuscripts broadly relevant to diseases of the skin and mucosae, with the aims of advancing scientific knowledge regarding dermatopathology and enhancing the communication between clinical practitioners and research scientists. Original scientific manuscripts on diagnostic and experimental cutaneous pathology are especially desirable. Timely, pertinent review articles also will be given high priority. Manuscripts based on light, fluorescence, and electron microscopy, histochemistry, immunology, molecular biology, and genetics, as well as allied sciences, are all welcome, provided their principal focus is on cutaneous pathology. Publication time will be kept as short as possible, ensuring that articles will be quickly available to all interested in this speciality.