双激励超声波椭圆振动辅助切割装置的开发与实验研究

Machines Pub Date : 2024-06-01 DOI:10.3390/machines12060379
Gaofeng Hu, Wendong Xin, Min Zhang, Junti Lu, Yanjie Lu, Shengming Zhou, Kai Zheng
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引用次数: 0

摘要

超声波椭圆振动辅助切削(UEVC)具有切削力小、刀具磨损小等优点,已成功应用于硬脆材料的精密和超精密加工。本研究通过在正交双通道中耦合超声波振动,开发了一种新型双激振式超声波椭圆振动辅助切削(D-UEVC)装置。对 D-UEVC 的二自由度振动系统进行了建模,得出了不同相位角 φ 值下的端部椭圆轨迹。通过理论计算获得了 DUEVC 装置的初始尺寸。随后,借助有限元分析方法,对装置进行了结构动态分析,得出了激励源不同相位差下的椭圆振动轨迹。为了验证 D-UEVC 装置的切割轨迹和切割性能,研制了该装置的原型,并进行了一系列振动性能测试和 Inconel 718 切割实验。实验结果表明,D-UEVC 装置可在刀尖处实现共振频率为 36.5 KHz 的椭圆振动轨迹。可调节的椭圆振动轨迹在轴向和径向的范围均为±4 μm。与传统切削的表面粗糙度 Ra = 0.36 μm 相比,D-UEVC 下 Inconel 718 的表面粗糙度为 Ra = 0.215 μm。因此,利用 D-UEVC 设备可以显著改善表面质量。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Developmental and Experimental Study on a Double-Excitation Ultrasonic Elliptical Vibration-Assisted Cutting Device
Ultrasonic elliptical vibration-assisted cutting (UEVC) has been successfully applied in the precision and ultra-precision machining of hard and brittle materials due to its advantages of a low cutting force and minimal tool wear. This study developed a novel double-excitation ultrasonic elliptic vibration-assisted cutting (D-UEVC) device by coupling ultrasonic vibrations in orthogonal dual paths. A two-degree-of-freedom vibration system of the D-UEVC was modeled, form which the elliptical trajectory of the end under different phase angle φ values was derived. The initial dimensions of the D-UEVC device were obtained through theoretical calculations. Subsequently, with the aid of finite element analysis methods, structural dynamic analysis of the device was conducted to obtain the elliptical vibration trajectory under different phase differences of the excitation source. In order to verify the cutting trajectory and cutting performance of the D-UEVC device, a prototype of the device was developed, and a series of vibration performance tests as well as the Inconel 718 cutting experiment were conducted. The experimental results illustrated that the D-UEVC device can achieve the elliptical vibration trajectory at the tool tip with a resonant frequency of 36.5 KHz. The adjustable elliptical vibration trajectories covered a range of ±4 μm in the axial and radial directions. Compared with the surface roughness Ra = 0.36 μm under the conventional cutting, the surface roughness of Inconel 718 under D-UEVC was Ra = 0.215 μm. Thus, the surface quality can be significant improved by utilizing the D-UEVC device.
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