大规模非自愿移民与受教育程度

IF 4.8 1区 经济学 Q1 DEVELOPMENT STUDIES
Abubakr Ayesh
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引用次数: 0

摘要

儿童被迫流离失所会破坏他们的社会资本,而教育对他们融入东道国社区至关重要。1947 年,英属印度纯粹根据宗教信仰进行分治,导致大规模暴力和移民,数百万人发现自己站在了边界的 "错误一边"。这些移民得到的国家支持很少,因为所在邦的资源严重紧张,但他们被视为新成立邦的公民。在本文中,我将调查数据与历史人口普查数据的数字化档案相结合,研究了这一大规模永久性流离失所事件对被迫流离失所儿童人力资本成就的影响。我使用基于队列年龄的差异法来说明,与同一出生队列中的本地人相比,出生在印度并迁移到巴基斯坦的学龄儿童完成初等和中等教育的可能性更高。我的研究表明,移民最初对地点和职业的选择是两个重要的潜在机制,它们指向 "背井离乡假说 "的存在。我的研究结果为移民融入东道国社区提供了重要启示,并强调有必要更好地了解用于支持被迫流离失所社区的不同方法的比较效力。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Mass involuntary migration and educational attainment

Forcible displacement of children disrupts their social capital, and education is of primary importance regarding their integration into the host communities. Millions of individuals found themselves on the “wrong side” of the border when British India was Partitioned purely along religious lines in 1947, leading to mass-scale violence and migration. These migrants received very little state support because the host states were severely resource-constrained, but they were treated as citizens of the newly formed states. In this paper, I combine survey data with digitized archives of historical census data to study the effect of this large-scale permanent displacement event on the human capital attainment of forcibly displaced children. I use a cohort-age based differences-in-differences approach to show that individuals of school-going age, who were born in India and migrated to Pakistan, have a higher likelihood of completing primary and secondary education than natives in the same birth cohorts. I show that migrants’ initial choices regarding location and occupation are two important potential mechanisms that point towards the existence of the “uprootedness hypothesis”. My findings provide important insights for the integration of migrants into the host communities and underscore the need to better understand the comparative efficacy of different methods used for supporting forcibly displaced communities.

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来源期刊
World Development
World Development Multiple-
CiteScore
12.70
自引率
5.80%
发文量
320
期刊介绍: World Development is a multi-disciplinary monthly journal of development studies. It seeks to explore ways of improving standards of living, and the human condition generally, by examining potential solutions to problems such as: poverty, unemployment, malnutrition, disease, lack of shelter, environmental degradation, inadequate scientific and technological resources, trade and payments imbalances, international debt, gender and ethnic discrimination, militarism and civil conflict, and lack of popular participation in economic and political life. Contributions offer constructive ideas and analysis, and highlight the lessons to be learned from the experiences of different nations, societies, and economies.
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