足球中的双重任务:球员经验和任务条件对身体表现的影响

IF 1.4 4区 心理学 Q4 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL
Perceptual and Motor Skills Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2024-05-28 DOI:10.1177/00315125241257398
Gibson Moreira Praça, Pedro Henrique de Almeida Oliveira, Vitor Hugo Santos Resende
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在这项研究中,我们考察了经验水平和各种运动与认知双重任务或单一任务是否会影响青少年足球运动员在小场比赛中的体能表现。参与者是来自 U-13 组(36 人)和 U-17 组(36 人)的 72 名球员,他们在四种实验条件下参加了三对一的小场比赛:对照组、二级运动任务、额外的相关二级认知任务和额外的二级非特定任务。我们使用全球定位系统(GPS)设备测量不同阈值下的运动表现,包括运动距离和加速度。我们发现玩家经验和任务条件之间没有明显的交互效应(p = .540),这意味着双重任务对不同经验水平的玩家产生的效果相当。经验水平(p < .001)和条件(p < .001)对大多数身体相关变量都有明显的主效应。年长球员的表现优于年轻球员,尤其是在高强度动作方面。虽然次要运动任务会降低体能表现,但次要认知任务,无论其特殊性如何,都不会影响运动员的表现。总之,经验水平并不影响球员对双重任务的身体反应,而次要运动任务比两种次要认知任务中的任何一种都更影响身体表现。在足球训练中加入认知任务不会影响身体表现。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Dual-Tasks in Soccer: Effects of Players' Experience and Task Condition on Physical Performance.

In this study, we examined whether experience level and various dual motor and cognitive or single tasks influenced young soccer players' physical performance during small-sided games. Participants were 72 players from U-13 (n = 36) and U-17 (n = 36) groups who participated in 3-to-a-side small-sided games under four experimental conditions: control, a secondary motor task, an additional related secondary cognitive task, and an additional secondary non-specific task. We used GPS devices to measure physical performance in terms of distances covered and accelerations at different thresholds. We found no significant interaction effect between player experience and task condition (p = .540), meaning that dual tasks had comparable effects on players of different experience levels. There were significant main effects of both experience level (p < .001) and condition (p < .001) on most physically related variables. Older players outperformed younger ones, particularly in high-intensity actions. While secondary motor tasks decreased physical performance, secondary cognitive tasks, irrespective of specificity, did not impair players' performances. In conclusion, experience level did not influence the players' physical response to dual tasks, and a secondary motor task was more disruptive to physical performance than either of two types of secondary cognitive tasks. Cognitive tasks can be incorporated into soccer training without compromising physical performance.

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来源期刊
Perceptual and Motor Skills
Perceptual and Motor Skills PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL-
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
6.20%
发文量
110
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