{"title":"匈牙利主观幸福感的人口规范与不平等:一项基于互联网的大型横断面调查。","authors":"Thao T.P. Nguyen MD, MSc , Fanni Rencz MD, PhD , Valentin Brodszky MD, PhD","doi":"10.1016/j.jval.2024.04.005","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div><h3>Objectives</h3><p>This study aimed to provide subjective well-being (SWB) population norms in Hungary and explore the contribution of explanatory factors of SWB inequality among the Hungarian adult general population.</p></div><div><h3>Methods</h3><p>The data originated from a large representative internet-based cross-sectional survey in Hungary, which was conducted in 2020. We applied validated multi-item instruments for measuring SWB, namely Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) and World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5). Multiple linear regressions were used to examine the relationship between demographic-socioeconomic-health status and both well-being instruments. The concentration index (CI) was used to measure the degree of income-related inequality in well-being.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 2001 respondents were enrolled with the means ± SD WHO-5 scores and SWLS scores of 0.51 ± 0.21 and 0.51 ± 0.23, respectively. Higher household income, higher educational level, better general health status, and absence of chronic morbidity were significant positive predictors for both WHO-5 and SWLS scores. The CI of WHO-5 scores was lower than that of SWLS scores in the total sample (0.0480 vs 0.0861) and in subgroups by gender (male, 0.0584 vs 0.1035; female, 0.0302 vs 0.0726). The positive CI values implied a slight pro-rich SWB inequality in this population. The regression analyses showed a positive association of SWB with having a higher household income and a better general health status.</p></div><div><h3>Conclusions</h3><p>This is the first representative study in Hungary to compare population norm of 2 well-being instruments and analyze well-being inequality. Slight pro-rich inequality was found consistently with both SWB measures. Our findings support the need for health and social policies that effectively tackle inequalities in Hungary.</p></div>","PeriodicalId":23508,"journal":{"name":"Value in Health","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.9000,"publicationDate":"2024-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":"{\"title\":\"Subjective Well-Being Population Norms and Inequalities in Hungary: A Large Cross-Sectional, Internet-Based Survey\",\"authors\":\"Thao T.P. 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The concentration index (CI) was used to measure the degree of income-related inequality in well-being.</p></div><div><h3>Results</h3><p>A total of 2001 respondents were enrolled with the means ± SD WHO-5 scores and SWLS scores of 0.51 ± 0.21 and 0.51 ± 0.23, respectively. Higher household income, higher educational level, better general health status, and absence of chronic morbidity were significant positive predictors for both WHO-5 and SWLS scores. The CI of WHO-5 scores was lower than that of SWLS scores in the total sample (0.0480 vs 0.0861) and in subgroups by gender (male, 0.0584 vs 0.1035; female, 0.0302 vs 0.0726). The positive CI values implied a slight pro-rich SWB inequality in this population. 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引用次数: 0
摘要
本研究旨在提供匈牙利的主观幸福感(SWB)人群标准,并探讨造成匈牙利成年普通人群主观幸福感不平等的解释因素。我们采用了经过验证的多项目工具来测量 SWB,即生活满意度量表(SWLS)和世界卫生组织五项幸福指数(WHO-5)。我们采用多元线性回归法来研究人口-社会经济-健康状况与这两种幸福指数之间的关系。集中指数(CI)用于衡量与收入相关的幸福感不平等程度。结果 共有 2001 名受访者参加了调查,WHO-5 指数和 SWLS 指数的平均值(± SD)分别为 0.51 ± 0.21 和 0.51 ± 0.23。较高的家庭收入、较高的教育水平、较好的总体健康状况和无慢性疾病是预测 WHO-5 和 SWLS 分数的重要积极因素。在总样本(0.0480 vs 0.0861)和按性别划分的亚组(男性,0.0584 vs 0.1035;女性,0.0302 vs 0.0726)中,WHO-5 评分的 CI 值均低于 SWLS 评分的 CI 值。正的 CI 值意味着在这一人群中存在轻微的富人 SWB 不平等现象。回归分析表明,SWB 与较高的家庭收入和较好的总体健康状况呈正相关。在这两项 SWB 测量中都发现了轻微的亲富不平等现象。我们的研究结果表明,有必要制定有效解决匈牙利不平等问题的健康和社会政策。
Subjective Well-Being Population Norms and Inequalities in Hungary: A Large Cross-Sectional, Internet-Based Survey
Objectives
This study aimed to provide subjective well-being (SWB) population norms in Hungary and explore the contribution of explanatory factors of SWB inequality among the Hungarian adult general population.
Methods
The data originated from a large representative internet-based cross-sectional survey in Hungary, which was conducted in 2020. We applied validated multi-item instruments for measuring SWB, namely Satisfaction With Life Scale (SWLS) and World Health Organization-Five Well-Being Index (WHO-5). Multiple linear regressions were used to examine the relationship between demographic-socioeconomic-health status and both well-being instruments. The concentration index (CI) was used to measure the degree of income-related inequality in well-being.
Results
A total of 2001 respondents were enrolled with the means ± SD WHO-5 scores and SWLS scores of 0.51 ± 0.21 and 0.51 ± 0.23, respectively. Higher household income, higher educational level, better general health status, and absence of chronic morbidity were significant positive predictors for both WHO-5 and SWLS scores. The CI of WHO-5 scores was lower than that of SWLS scores in the total sample (0.0480 vs 0.0861) and in subgroups by gender (male, 0.0584 vs 0.1035; female, 0.0302 vs 0.0726). The positive CI values implied a slight pro-rich SWB inequality in this population. The regression analyses showed a positive association of SWB with having a higher household income and a better general health status.
Conclusions
This is the first representative study in Hungary to compare population norm of 2 well-being instruments and analyze well-being inequality. Slight pro-rich inequality was found consistently with both SWB measures. Our findings support the need for health and social policies that effectively tackle inequalities in Hungary.
期刊介绍:
Value in Health contains original research articles for pharmacoeconomics, health economics, and outcomes research (clinical, economic, and patient-reported outcomes/preference-based research), as well as conceptual and health policy articles that provide valuable information for health care decision-makers as well as the research community. As the official journal of ISPOR, Value in Health provides a forum for researchers, as well as health care decision-makers to translate outcomes research into health care decisions.