认知储备与额颞叶疾病:探索教育、体育活动与老年人认知功能障碍之间的关系。

IF 1.4 4区 心理学 Q4 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL
Perceptual and Motor Skills Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-25 DOI:10.1177/00315125241241358
Josue G Amian, Cristina Fernandez-Portero, Rocío de la Bella, María José Arenilla-Villalba, Guillermo López-Lluch, David Alarcon
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引用次数: 0

摘要

在这项研究中,我们调查了认知储备(CR)替代物(如教育、体育活动(PA))与认知功能障碍(CD)之间在有无额颞叶疾病(FTD)情况下的关系。以往的研究表明,教育和体育锻炼可延缓认知功能障碍的发生,降低患痴呆症的风险。然而,当存在 FTD 时,这些 CR 代用指标是否能预防 CD 的发生仍不清楚。我们的目的是探索这种关系,并确定无论是否存在 FTD,持续的 CR 是否明显。我们从自愿参加休闲活动的社区中心招募了 149 名老年人(65-99 岁)。我们使用生物电阻抗测量了他们的身体成分,并对他们进行了国际活动量问卷调查(International PA Questionnaire)和迷你精神状态检查(Mini-Mental State Examination),分别测量了他们的活动量和认知功能。我们使用额叶评估电池筛查额颞叶痴呆症。结果显示,与其他参与者相比,额颞叶痴呆症患者的年龄更大、教育程度更低,并且参与的业余活动更少。回归模型显示,年龄、教育程度和业余爱好是前颞叶痴呆症的重要预测因素。更具体地说,FTD 与认知功能呈负相关,FTD 与教育程度和 PA 之间存在明显的交互效应。业余爱好和教育程度是认知功能的重要预测因素,当业余爱好和教育程度值较高时,它们会抵消 FTD 对认知功能的影响。这些研究结果支持这样的观点,即对于患有执行功能障碍或额颞叶痴呆症的老年人来说,业余爱好和受教育年限对认知功能具有绝缘或补偿作用,这突出了鼓励这两种追求的重要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Cognitive Reserve and Frontotemporal Disorders: Exploring the Relationship Between Education, Physical Activity, and Cognitive Dysfunction in Older Adults.

In this study we investigated the relationship between cognitive reserve (CR) proxies, such as education, physical activity (PA), and cognitive dysfunction (CD) in the presence or absence of frontotemporal disorders (FTD). Previous research has suggested that education and PA may delay the onset of CD and reduce the risk of developing dementia. However, it remains unclear whether these CR proxies can protect against CD when FTD is present. We aimed to explore this relationship and determine whether sustained CR may be evident regardless of FTD. We recruited 149 older adults (aged 65-99 years) from community centers where they were voluntarily participating in leisure activities. We used bioelectrical impedance to measure their body composition, and we administered the International PA Questionnaire and the Mini-Mental State Examination to measure their PA and cognitive function, respectively. We used the Frontal Assessment Battery to screen for frontotemporal dementia. Our results showed that people with FTD were older, had lower education, and engaged in less PA, relative to other participants. Regression models revealed that age, education, and PA were significant predictors of FTD. More specifically, FTD was negatively associated with cognitive functioning, and there were significant interaction effects between FTD and education and PA. PA and education were significant predictors of cognitive functioning, and, when values for PA and education were high, they offset the effects of FTD on cognitive function. These findings support impressions that PA and years of education provide an insulating or compensatory effect on cognitive functioning in older adults with executive dysfunction or frontotemporal dementia, highlighting the importance of encouraging both pursuits.

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来源期刊
Perceptual and Motor Skills
Perceptual and Motor Skills PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL-
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
6.20%
发文量
110
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