无差错训练有利于自闭症谱系障碍儿童的运动学习和运动结果。

IF 1.4 4区 心理学 Q4 PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL
Perceptual and Motor Skills Pub Date : 2024-06-01 Epub Date: 2024-03-18 DOI:10.1177/00315125241238308
Saeed Arsham, Rahil Razeghi, Ahmadreza Movahedi
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引用次数: 0

摘要

大多数患有自闭症谱系障碍(ASD)的儿童都有某种形式的运动障碍。此外,基于执行功能障碍,这些儿童的工作记忆往往不典型。无差错学习可降低对工作记忆的要求。在本研究中,我们调查了无差错训练对这些儿童学习高尔夫推杆能力的影响。被试(N = 20)的年龄为 9-13 岁(M = 10.15,SD = 1.4),他们被随机分配到:(a)无差错(ER)训练组(n = 10)或(b)明确指导(EI)组(n = 10)。无误(ER)组在没有任何指导的情况下练习不同距离的推杆,而明确指导(EI)组在有指导的情况下练习特定距离的推杆。我们测量了运动表现(如推杆准确性)和运动学变量(如推杆面角度)。单因素方差分析显示,两组的运动表现均有显著提高,但 ER 组的准确性保持率(p < .028)和迁移学习(p < .047)明显优于指导组。在迁移测试中,两组的运动变量也有明显差异。这些研究结果表明,在教授 ASD 儿童运动技能时,无差错训练比明确指导更有益处。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Errorless Training Benefits Motor Learning and Kinematic Outcomes in Children With Autism Spectrum Disorders.

Most children with Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD) have some form of motor deficits. Additionally, based on executive dysfunction, working memory is often atypical in these children. Errorless learning reduces demands on working memory. In this study, we investigated the effectiveness of errorless training on these children's ability to learn golf putting. Participants (N = 20), aged 9-13 years (M = 10.15, SD = 1.4), were randomly assigned to either: (a) an errorless (ER) training group (n = 10) or (b) an explicit instruction (EI) group (n = 10). The ER group practiced putting from different distances without any instruction, while the EI group practiced putting at a particular distance with instruction. We measured motor performance (e.g., putting accuracy) and kinematic variables (e.g., putter face angle). One-way analyses of variance showed that motor performance significantly improved in both groups, but that the ER group showed significantly better accuracy retention (p < .028) and transfer learning (p < .047) than the instructional group. Kinematic variables were also significantly different between the two groups on the transfer test. These findings supported the benefits of errorless training compared to explicit instruction to teach motor skills to children with ASD.

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来源期刊
Perceptual and Motor Skills
Perceptual and Motor Skills PSYCHOLOGY, EXPERIMENTAL-
CiteScore
2.90
自引率
6.20%
发文量
110
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