大气压以上高压直流和交流电弧等离子体回顾

IF 2.6 3区 物理与天体物理 Q3 ENGINEERING, CHEMICAL
Jad Diab, Enoch Dames, Vandad Rohani, Elliot Wyse, Laurent Fulcheri
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引用次数: 0

摘要

鉴于已通过的绿色政策和战略,热等离子体作为工业电气化的潜在解决方案,尤其是内热过程,因其焓值可调且不直接排放二氧化碳而越来越受到关注。然而,热等离子体技术的大多数工业应用都是在常压或更低的压力下进行的,无论是用于材料加工、废物处理、气化、辅助燃烧还是电弧炉。有关压力高于 1 巴的热等离子体的信息很少,大多数学术出版物都采用分析或数值方法。主要的高压等离子体实验研究可追溯到 20 世纪 60 年代、70 年代和 80 年代,主要在美国和欧盟进行,用于航空航天应用,以及气体爆破断路器和水下焊接应用。不过,这些系统的运行时间最多只有几毫秒到几分钟。在高压下运行等离子系统一方面是为了减少设施的体积,从而降低全球成本,另一方面也是出于实际需要,例如在水下焊接和航空航天应用中,等离子技术在复制飞行器进入/重返大气层时所处的条件方面发挥了作用。本文对迄今为止的所有高压等离子弧研究进行了全面的文献综述,包括期刊论文、书籍和解密报告。研究结果分为四类:直流和交流技术、电气特性、热力学和传热以及电极侵蚀。确定了差距和局限性,并提出了主要假设,为未来的高压热等离子体研究(重新)开辟了道路。在高压下运行热等离子体系统可以带来可观的经济效益,从而为电气化高温过程带来具有竞争力的价格,但也面临着许多挑战。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Review of DC and AC Arc Plasma at High Pressures Above Atmospheric Pressure

Review of DC and AC Arc Plasma at High Pressures Above Atmospheric Pressure

Review of DC and AC Arc Plasma at High Pressures Above Atmospheric Pressure

In light of the adopted green policies and strategies, thermal plasmas are gaining interest as a potential solution to electrify the industry, particularly for endothermic processes, for their tunable enthalpy and the absence of direct CO2 emissions. However, the majority of industrial applications of thermal plasma technologies are at atmospheric or lower pressure, whether for material processing, waste treatment, gasification, assisted combustion or in electric arc furnaces. Very little information exists on thermal plasmas at pressures above 1 bar, with the majority of academic publications using either analytical or numerical methodologies. The main experimental high-pressure plasma studies conducted date back to the 1960s, the 1970s and 1980s mainly in the US and the EU for aerospace applications, in addition to gas blast circuit breaker and underwater welding applications. However, these systems operate only for a few milliseconds to a few minutes at most. The interest in operating plasma systems at high-pressure is on one hand to reduce the volume of the facilities, and therefore, global costs, and on the other hand, is of practical necessity such as the case of underwater welding and in aerospace application where plasma technology plays a role in duplicating the conditions to which a vehicle is exposed to in atmospheric entry/reentry. This paper reports a thorough literature review on all high-pressure plasma arc studies available to date, including journal articles, books, and declassified reports. The findings of the studies are classified into four categories: DC and AC technologies, electrical characteristics, thermodynamics and heat transfer, and electrode erosion. The gaps and limitations are identified, and the main hypotheses are formulated, (re)opening the way for future high-pressure thermal plasma studies. Operating thermal plasma systems at high pressure could have considerable economic benefits, and thus, leading to competitive pricing for electrified high temperature processes, but faces many challenges.

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来源期刊
Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing
Plasma Chemistry and Plasma Processing 工程技术-工程:化工
CiteScore
5.90
自引率
8.30%
发文量
73
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Publishing original papers on fundamental and applied research in plasma chemistry and plasma processing, the scope of this journal includes processing plasmas ranging from non-thermal plasmas to thermal plasmas, and fundamental plasma studies as well as studies of specific plasma applications. Such applications include but are not limited to plasma catalysis, environmental processing including treatment of liquids and gases, biological applications of plasmas including plasma medicine and agriculture, surface modification and deposition, powder and nanostructure synthesis, energy applications including plasma combustion and reforming, resource recovery, coupling of plasmas and electrochemistry, and plasma etching. Studies of chemical kinetics in plasmas, and the interactions of plasmas with surfaces are also solicited. It is essential that submissions include substantial consideration of the role of the plasma, for example, the relevant plasma chemistry, plasma physics or plasma–surface interactions; manuscripts that consider solely the properties of materials or substances processed using a plasma are not within the journal’s scope.
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