支持智障成人积极参与改变生活方式的干预措施:关于哪些措施有效、对谁有效、在什么情况下有效以及为什么有效的现实主义证据综述。

IF 2.1 2区 医学 Q1 EDUCATION, SPECIAL
S. C. Westrop, D. Rana, N. Jaiswal, O. Wu, A. M. McGarty, C. Melville, L. Ells, P. Lally, M. McEwan, L. Harris, E. Germeni
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引用次数: 0

摘要

背景:迄今为止,针对智障成人的生活方式调整干预措施效果参差不齐。本研究旨在了解针对智障成人的生活方式调整干预措施是如何起作用的,对谁起作用以及在什么情况下起作用:方法:进行了一项现实主义证据综合,其中包括智障成人和专家研究人员的意见。在根据主要文献以及有生活经验者和该领域学者的意见发展出初步方案理论后,对五个主要数据库(MEDLINE、EMBASE、CINAHL、PsycINFO 和 ASSIA)和临床试验库进行了系统检索。对来自 79 项研究的数据进行了综合,以制定背景、机制和结果配置(CMOCs):结果:所确定的背景和机制与智障成人积极参与干预的能力有关,这反过来又有助于确定在什么情况下对什么人起作用。所包含的CMOCs涉及支持参与、协商自主与行为改变之间的平衡、促进社会联系和乐趣、干预策略和实施的可及性和适宜性,以及改变生活方式的更广泛的行为途径。在制定和评估干预措施时,还必须与有生活经验的人合作:结论:未来的生活方式干预研究应具有参与性,还应探索无障碍数据收集方法,作为将重度和极重度智障人士纳入研究的一种方式。应更加重视改变生活方式所带来的更广泛的益处,如社交互动和联系的机会。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。

Supporting active engagement of adults with intellectual disabilities in lifestyle modification interventions: a realist evidence synthesis of what works, for whom, in what context and why

Supporting active engagement of adults with intellectual disabilities in lifestyle modification interventions: a realist evidence synthesis of what works, for whom, in what context and why

Background

Lifestyle modification interventions for adults with intellectual disabilities have had, to date, mixed effectiveness. This study aimed to understand how lifestyle modification interventions for adults with intellectual disabilities work, for whom they work and in what circumstances.

Methods

A realist evidence synthesis was conducted that incorporated input from adults with intellectual disabilities and expert researchers. Following the development of an initial programme theory based on key literature and input from people with lived experience and academics working in this field, five major databases (MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, PsycINFO and ASSIA) and clinical trial repositories were systematically searched. Data from 79 studies were synthesised to develop context, mechanism and outcome configurations (CMOCs).

Results

The contexts and mechanisms identified related to the ability of adults with intellectual disabilities to actively take part in the intervention, which in turn contributes to what works, for whom and in what circumstances. The included CMOCs related to support involvement, negotiating the balance between autonomy and behaviour change, fostering social connectedness and fun, accessibility and suitability of intervention strategies and delivery and broader behavioural pathways to lifestyle change. It is also essential to work with people with lived experiences when developing and evaluating interventions.

Conclusions

Future lifestyle interventions research should be participatory in nature, and accessible data collection methods should also be explored as a way of including people with severe and profound intellectual disabilities in research. More emphasis should be given to the broader benefits of lifestyle change, such as opportunities for social interaction and connectedness.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.60
自引率
5.60%
发文量
81
期刊介绍: The Journal of Intellectual Disability Research is devoted exclusively to the scientific study of intellectual disability and publishes papers reporting original observations in this field. The subject matter is broad and includes, but is not restricted to, findings from biological, educational, genetic, medical, psychiatric, psychological and sociological studies, and ethical, philosophical, and legal contributions that increase knowledge on the treatment and prevention of intellectual disability and of associated impairments and disabilities, and/or inform public policy and practice. Expert reviews on themes in which recent research has produced notable advances will be included. Such reviews will normally be by invitation.
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