正念练习是否有增加灵性的 "风险"?对声称的效果进行系统回顾和批判性分析。

IF 1.2 4区 医学 Q4 NEUROSCIENCES
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引用次数: 0

摘要

简介在包括法国在内的一些国家,正念冥想在躯体和精神治疗方面的作用日益突出。研究表明,正念冥想对各种疾病都有疗效,尤其是在预防抑郁症复发方面。然而,也有人对其与佛教和精神信仰的潜在联系提出了批评和担忧,引发了世俗主义和宗派主义的问题。在法国,这一问题在其与世俗主义的历史和政治关系方面尤为矛盾:本研究旨在使用经过验证的定量量表,评估正念冥想对灵性和宗教性影响的定量数据:方法:进行了系统回顾。使用正念和灵性/宗教信仰量表相关关键词在 PubMed 上搜索相关研究。确定了四种评估灵性的量表:FACIT-sp、INSPIRIT、DSES 和 DUREL。定性分析确定了量表项目是否与灵性有关,或者是否与正念反对者认为 "有可能 "出现偏差或宗派偏差的其他主题有关。定量分析评估了正念冥想干预前后量表分数变化的效应大小:对 18 项研究进行了分析,这些研究的量表和项目持续时间各不相同,共有 1272 名参与者。定性分析显示,大多数量表都包含与灵性有关的项目以及宗教和神秘主义等 "危险 "元素。定量分析显示,有几项研究报告称,正念冥想后灵性得分显著增加,但这些变化的临床相关性受到质疑。一般来说,对照组的得分变化较小:虽然一些研究表明正念冥想可能会提高灵性,但这些研究结果的临床意义仍不确定。此外,正念冥想与佛教的关系也存在争议,其根源与各种包含灵性的心理疗法传统交织在一起。世俗主义在心理疗法中的作用在法国也引起了争论,这强调了正确使用和监管政策的必要性,而不是禁止正念冥想方法。本研究强调了评估正念冥想对灵性和宗教性影响的复杂性。它表明,与将正念冥想贴上 "有风险 "的标签相比,以降低风险和危害为重点的务实方法可能更为合适。在法国的特定文化背景下,还需要进一步的研究来澄清这些问题。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Is mindfulness practice “at risk” of increasing spirituality? Systematic review and critical analysis of a claimed effect

Introduction

Mindfulness meditation has gained prominence in somatic and psychiatric care in several countries including France. Studies have shown its effectiveness in various conditions, in particular the prevention of depressive relapses. However, there are criticisms and concerns about its potential links to Buddhism and spirituality, raising issues of secularism and sectarianism. This issue is particularly conflicting in France with regard its historical and political relationship with secularism.

Objectives

This study aims to assess quantitative data regarding the impact of mindfulness meditation on spirituality and religiosity using quantitative validated scales.

Methods

A systematic review was conducted. PubMed was searched for relevant studies using keywords related to mindfulness and spirituality/religiosity scales. Four scales assessing spirituality were identified: FACIT-sp, INSPIRIT, DSES, and DUREL. Qualitative analysis determined if scale items pertained to spirituality or other topics considered by opponents to mindfulness as “at risk” for deviances or sectarian aberrations. Quantitative analysis assessed the effect size of changes in scale scores before and after mindfulness meditation interventions.

Results

Eighteen studies were analyzed, with varying scales and program durations including 1272 participants. Qualitative analysis showed that most scales contained items related to spirituality as well as “at risk” elements like religion and mysticism. Quantitative analysis revealed that a few studies reported significant increases in spirituality scores following mindfulness meditation, but the clinical relevance of these changes was questioned. In general, control groups had smaller score changes.

Interpretation

While some studies suggest a potential increase in spirituality due to mindfulness meditation, the clinical significance of these findings remains uncertain. Moreover, mindfulness meditation's ties to Buddhism are disputed, and its roots are intertwined with various psychotherapy traditions that incorporate spirituality. The role of secularism in psychotherapy is also debated in France, emphasizing the need for proper use and regulation policy rather than prohibition of mindfulness-based approaches. This study highlights the complexity of assessing the impact of mindfulness meditation on spirituality and religiosity. It suggests that a pragmatic approach focusing on risk and harm reduction may be more suitable than labeling the practice as “at risk”. Further research is needed to clarify these issues in the specific cultural context of France.

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来源期刊
CiteScore
4.60
自引率
7.40%
发文量
162
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: Une revue française de renommée internationale. - Un comite de rédaction représentant tous les aspects de la prise en charge psychiatrique du patient. - Une sélection rigoureuse d''articles faisant l''objet de plusieurs expertises. - Des travaux d''auteurs et de chercheurs de renommée internationale. - Des indexations dans les grandes bases de données (Current Contents, Excerpta Medica, etc.). - Un facteur d''impact qui témoigne de la grande notoriété de la revue. La tribune des publications originales de haut niveau. - Une très grande diversité des sujets traités, rigoureusement sélectionnés à travers des sommaires dynamiques : - des éditoriaux de médecins référents, - une revue de presse sur les actualités internationales, - des articles originaux pour approfondir vos connaissances, - des mises au point et des cas cliniques pour engager votre réflexion sur les indications et choix possibles au travers de mises en situation clinique, - des dossiers thématiques pour faire le tour d''une question. - L''actualité de l''AFPB : L''Encéphale publie régulièrement des comptes rendus de l''Association française de psychiatrie clinique.
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