A novel hybrid fast Fourier transform processor in 5G+ and bio medical applications

To address the growing demand for real-time and high-performance signal processing, Field-Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) technology provides an influential platform for implementing Fast Fourier Transform (FFT) algorithms. The existing topologies of FFT processors encounters challenges related to high power consumption, limiting their viability for energy-efficient applications. In this research work, a hybrid radix encoder with two-stage operand trimming logarithmic appropriate multiplier and optimized truncated Kogge-stone adder based 2048-point, 4096-point FFT processor for FPGA implementation is designed by focusing on high throughput with minimal consumption of power. This processor is engineered to handle FFTs ranging from 16 to 4096 points catering to both biomedical applications and upcoming 5G technology. The proposed/introduced framework attains a high throughput (78.036 Gbps), and maximum signal to noise ratio (30 dB), low power consumption (26.49 mW), minimum delay (0.12 ns), minimum area (547 $\mu m^2$), bit error rate (0.1) and minimum execution time (0.223 ms) than the traditional approaches.