知觉发展中的蝴蝶效应:适应性初始退化 "假说评述

IF 5.7 1区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL
Lukas Vogelsang , Marin Vogelsang , Gordon Pipa , Sidney Diamond , Pawan Sinha
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引用次数: 0

摘要

人类感知能力的发展是有规律可循的,最初有限的感知能力会在感官体验开始后的数月或数年内逐渐成熟,成为强大的能力。本综述将重点关注这些发展进步的功能意义。具体来说,我们回顾了对经历过早期发育改变的儿童的研究结果以及相应计算模型的结果,这些结果最近提供了令人信服的证据,表明早期感官经验的特定属性很可能是日后发展视觉和听觉等多个感知领域技能的重要先决条件。值得注意的是,早期感官经验的局限性是作为支架而非障碍出现的,对日后感知能力的获得具有因果关系,而消除这些局限性则可能会产生损害日后发展的反直觉后果。这些结果有助于理解为什么正常的知觉发展轨迹会以这样的方式排序,有助于解释在具有非典型感官发展史的个体身上观察到的知觉缺陷,并为创建更强大、更有效的计算学习系统训练程序提供指导。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Butterfly effects in perceptual development: A review of the ‘adaptive initial degradation’ hypothesis

Human perceptual development evolves in a stereotyped fashion, with initially limited perceptual capabilities maturing over the months or years following the commencement of sensory experience into robust proficiencies. This review focuses on the functional significance of these developmental progressions. Specifically, we review findings from studies of children who have experienced alterations of early development, as well as results from corresponding computational models, which have recently provided compelling evidence that specific attributes of early sensory experience are likely to be important prerequisites for later developing skills in several perceptual domains such as vision and audition. Notably, the limitations of early sensory experience have therein emerged as scaffolds, rather than hurdles, being causally responsible for the acquisition of later perceptual proficiencies, while dispensing with these limitations has the perhaps counter-intuitive consequence of compromising later development. These results have implications for understanding why normal trajectories of perceptual development are sequenced in the way that they are, help account for the perceptual deficits observed in individuals with atypical histories of sensory development, and serve as guidelines for the creation of more robust and effective training procedures for computational learning systems.

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来源期刊
Developmental Review
Developmental Review PSYCHOLOGY, DEVELOPMENTAL-
CiteScore
11.00
自引率
3.00%
发文量
27
审稿时长
51 days
期刊介绍: Presenting research that bears on important conceptual issues in developmental psychology, Developmental Review: Perspectives in Behavior and Cognition provides child and developmental, child clinical, and educational psychologists with authoritative articles that reflect current thinking and cover significant scientific developments. The journal emphasizes human developmental processes and gives particular attention to issues relevant to child developmental psychology. The research concerns issues with important implications for the fields of pediatrics, psychiatry, and education, and increases the understanding of socialization processes.
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