The effect of osteoprotegerin nanocomplex on osteoprotegerin and arteriosclerosis in mice

Osteoprotegerin (OPG), as one of the tumor necrosis factor receptors, is believed to be related with Osteoprotegerin (OP) and arteriosclerosis (AS). This study aims to explore the effect of OPG on osteoblasts (OB) and AS. The nanocomplex Poly(ethylene glycol)-Poly(L-Lysine)-Osteoprotegerin (PPO) was prepared by introducing OPG plasmid to Poly(ethylene glycol)-Poly(L-Lysine). Healthy group, AS group, AS combined with OP group were designed to measure apoptosis, activity, adhesion, and calcification of OB in Polycaprolactone (PCL) by flow cytometry, MTT method, alizarin red staining, scanning electron microscope and other methods. The effect of PPO on bone mineral density and arteriosclerosis of ApoE−/−/RANKL+/+ mice was observed. Bone Mineral Density (BMD) was positively correlated with ABI while negatively correlated with pulse wave velocity. OPG in AS combined with OP group was higher than healthy group, and AS group was also higher than healthy group. PPO-administered mice had dense bone trabeculae and higher bone density while the control group was the opposite. The effect of PPO on the stable expression of OPG in mice reduced the plaque area and the degree of vascular calcification. PPO can enhance OB activity in vitro, inhibit cell apoptosis, promote cell calcification and PCL adhesion, decrease the area of atherosclerotic plaque and calcification, and increase the BMD of the femoral neck. PPO can promote the adhesion and calcification of MC3T3-E1 on PCL, which is of great significance for maintaining sufficient bone strength and reducing blood calcium. In addition, PPO compound drugs can increase bone density, reduce arterial plaque area and vascular calcification.