Effect of Allopurinol administration on the uric acid level and kidney function in paediatrics with tumour lysis syndrome (TLS) and high-risk TLS

Background: Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is a life-threatening oncologic emergency because of the release of tumour cell components such as uric acid, which can lead to hyperuricemia and acute kidney injury (AKI). Objective: To analyse serum uric acid, creatinine, and BUN levels pre- and post-allopurinol administration. Method: This study was a prospective observational study conducted from March to July 2020. Inclusion criteria were haematological malignancies in paediatric patients with TLS and high-risk TLS who received allopurinol 10 mg/kg/day in 2-3 divided doses. Collected data were the serum uric acid, creatinine, and BUN levels pre- and post-allopurinol administration. Result: There were 14 sample in total during the study. There was a significant difference in uric acid level on day six after allopurinol administration compared to baseline in patients with high-risk TLS (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Allopurinol was inadequate in reducing uric acid levels in TLS patients but adequate in reducing uric acid levels in patients with high-risk TLS.