阿富汗难民人口的心理健康:探索移民前环境差异和移民后压力源

IF 4.6 Q2 MATERIALS SCIENCE, BIOMATERIALS
Pouya Andisha, Brigitte Lueger-Schuster
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引用次数: 0

摘要

大多数阿富汗寻求庇护者和难民从阿富汗、伊朗和巴基斯坦来到奥地利。来自阿富汗的人主要面临与战争有关的创伤事件,而来自伊朗和巴基斯坦的人则遇到与东道国有关的歧视经历。在奥地利,移民后的各种压力因素进一步加剧了这一弱势群体的心理健康。本研究旨在探讨移民前环境差异、不同社会人口统计学和强迫移民相关风险因素对心理健康结果的影响,以及移民后压力因素的中介和调节作用。通过奥地利的非随机抽样,从来自阿富汗、伊朗或巴基斯坦的305名阿富汗参与者(155名寻求庇护者和150名难民)中收集了数据。305名参与者中,161人(52.8%)患有焦虑症,176人(57.7%)患有抑郁症,32人(10.5%)患有ICD-11 PTSD, 63人(20.7%)患有ICD-11 CPTSD。在双变量分析中,寻求庇护者、离婚、普什图人以及移民前和移民后环境中较多的创伤和压力源与较高的心理健康问题患病率相关。在多元线性回归分析中,移民前的创伤和移民后的压力因素显著预测所有心理健康结果。迁移后应激源显著调节迁移前创伤与心理健康症状之间的关联。研究结果支持移民前创伤对阿富汗寻求庇护者和奥地利难民心理健康的影响和移民后压力源的加重作用。我们的研究结果表明,实施积极主动和与文化相关的社会心理干预措施的重要性,这些干预措施强调预防迁移后压力源或减轻其对心理健康的影响。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
Afghan Refugee Populations’ Mental Health: Exploring Pre-migration Environmental Differences and Post-migration Stressors
The majority of Afghan asylum seekers and refugees come to Austria from Afghanistan, Iran and Pakistan. While those from Afghanistan faced predominantly war-related traumatic events, those from Iran and Pakistan encountered discriminatory experiences related to the host countries. This vulnerable population’s mental health is further strained by different post-migration stressors in Austria. The purpose of the present study was to explore pre-migration environmental differences and association of different sociodemographic and forced-migration related risk factors to mental health outcomes, and the mediation and moderation effects of post-migration stressors. Data were collected from 305 Afghan participants (155 asylum seekers and 150 refugees) that came from Afghanistan, Iran or Pakistan through nonrandom sampling in Austria. Of the 305 participants, 161 (52.8%) had anxiety, 176 (57.7%) depression, 32 (10.5%) ICD-11 PTSD, and 63 (20.7%) ICD-11 CPTSD. In bivariate analyses, being asylum seeker, being divorced, being Pashtun, and higher number of traumata and stressors in pre-migration and post-migration environments were associated with higher prevalence of mental health problems. Pre-migration traumata and post-migration stressors significantly predicted all mental health outcomes in multiple linear regression analyses. Post-migration stressors significantly meditated and moderated the association between pre-migration traumata and mental health symptoms. The findings support pre-migration traumata’s effects and aggravating role of post-migration stressors in mental health of Afghan asylum seekers and refugees in Austria. Our findings imply the importance of implementing proactive and culturally relevant psychosocial interventions that emphasize prevention of post-migration stressors or mitigating their effects on the mental health.
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来源期刊
ACS Applied Bio Materials
ACS Applied Bio Materials Chemistry-Chemistry (all)
CiteScore
9.40
自引率
2.10%
发文量
464
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