Correlation between dietary theobromine intake and low cognitive performance in older adults in the United States: A cross-sectional study based on the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.

IF 1.3 4区 医学 Q4 NUTRITION & DIETETICS
Longzhu Zhao, Runqing Zhan, Xueting Wang, Ruihan Song, Miaomiao Han, Xiaoli Shen
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background and objectives: Few studies have investigated the effects of dietary theobromine intake on the cognitive performance of older adults. Therefore, we investigated these effects in older adults in the United States.

Methods and study design: In this cross-sectional study, we used data (2011-2014) from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. Intake of theobromine intake was obtained through two 24-h dietary recall interviews and was adjusted by energy. Cognitive performance was assessed using the animal fluency test, Consortium to Establish a Registry for Alzheimer's Disease Word Learning subtest (CERAD), and Digit Symbol Substitution Test (DSST). Logistic regression and restricted cubic spline models were constructed to evaluate the correlation between the dietary intake of theobromine from different sources and the likelihood of low cognitive performance.

Results: The fully adjusted model revealed that compared with the lowest quintile, the odds ratios (with 95% confidence intervals) of cognitive performance in the CERAD test were 0.42 (0.28-0.64), 0.34 (0.14-0.83), 0.25 (0.07-0.87), and 0.35 (0.13-0.95) for the highest quintile of total theobromine intake and that from chocolate, coffee, and cream, respectively. Dose-response relationship analysis indicated nonlinear correlations between the likelihood of low cognitive performance and die-tary theobromine (total intake and that from chocolate, coffee, and cream). An L-shaped relationship was ob-served between total theobromine intake and cognitive performance in the CERAD test.

Conclusions: The dietary intakes of theobromine (total and that from chocolate, coffee, and cream) may protect older adults, particularly men, against low cognitive performance.

美国老年人饮食中可可碱摄入量与认知能力低下之间的相关性:一项基于国家健康与营养检查调查的横断面研究。
背景和目的:很少有研究调查饮食中摄入可可碱对老年人认知能力的影响。因此,我们在美国的老年人中调查了这些影响。方法与研究设计:在本横断面研究中,我们使用了2011-2014年国家健康与营养检查调查的数据。可可碱的摄入量通过两次24小时饮食回忆访谈获得,并根据能量进行调整。认知表现采用动物流畅性测试、阿尔茨海默病注册协会单词学习子测试(CERAD)和数字符号替代测试(DSST)进行评估。构建Logistic回归和限制三次样条模型来评估饮食中不同来源的可可碱摄入量与认知能力低下的可能性之间的相关性。结果:完全调整的模型显示,与最低的五分位数相比,CERAD测试中认知表现的优势比(95%置信区间)分别为0.42(0.28-0.64)、0.34(0.14-0.83)、0.25(0.07-0.87)和0.35(0.13-0.95),分别来自可可碱总摄入量和巧克力、咖啡和奶油的最高五分位数。剂量-反应关系分析表明,认知能力低下的可能性与饮食中的可可碱(总摄入量以及从巧克力、咖啡和奶油中摄入的可可碱)之间存在非线性相关性。在CERAD测试中,观察到总可可碱摄入量与认知表现呈l形关系。结论:饮食中摄入可可碱(总可可碱和来自巧克力、咖啡和奶油的可可碱)可以保护老年人,特别是男性,防止认知能力低下。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
2.50
自引率
7.70%
发文量
58
审稿时长
6-12 weeks
期刊介绍: The aims of the Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition (APJCN) are to publish high quality clinical nutrition relevant research findings which can build the capacity of clinical nutritionists in the region and enhance the practice of human nutrition and related disciplines for health promotion and disease prevention. APJCN will publish original research reports, reviews, short communications and case reports. News, book reviews and other items will also be included. The acceptance criteria for all papers are the quality and originality of the research and its significance to our readership. Except where otherwise stated, manuscripts are peer-reviewed by at least two anonymous reviewers and the Editor. The Editorial Board reserves the right to refuse any material for publication and advises that authors should retain copies of submitted manuscripts and correspondence as material cannot be returned. Final acceptance or rejection rests with the Editorial Board
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