[Formula: see text] Can psychopathy be prevented? Clinical, neuroimaging, and genetic data: an exploratory study.

IF 1.6 3区 心理学 Q3 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY
Child Neuropsychology Pub Date : 2024-08-01 Epub Date: 2023-11-10 DOI:10.1080/09297049.2023.2277396
Feggy Ostrosky, Jean Decety, Azucena Lozano, Angélica Lujan, Martha Perez, Ana Munguia, Dianela Castañeda, Karla Diaz, Rafael Lara, Emilio Sacristan, Maria A Bobes, Karina Borja, Beatriz Camarena, Sandra Hernández-Muñoz, Aurora Álvarez, Rebecca E Franco-Bourland
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

The aim of the study was to explore the relationship among brain functional activations elicited by an emotional paradigm, clinical scores (PTSD, anxiety, and depression), psychopathic traits, and genetic characteristics (5-HTTLPR) in a group of severely maltreated children compared to a healthy control group before and after the implementation of a Trauma Focused-Cognitive Behavioral Therapy. The final sample consisted of an experimental group of 14 maltreated children (mean age = 8.77 years old, S.D. = 1.83) recruited from a non-governmental shelter in Mexico City for children who had experienced child abuse and a control group of 10 children from the general population (mean age = 9.57 years old, S.D. = 1.91). Both groups were matched according to age and gender and were assessed before and after the implementation of the aforementioned therapy by means of clinical scales and an emotional paradigm that elicited brain activations which were recorded through functional magnetic resonance imaging. Genotyping of the 5-HTTLPR polymorphism was made at first assessment. A region of interest analysis showed amygdala hyperactivation during exposure to fear and anger stimuli in the maltreated children before treatment. Following therapy, a decrease in brain activity as well as a decrease in clinical symptoms were also observed. 5-HTTLPR polymorphism did not show any effect on the severity of clinical symptoms in maltreated children. Trauma-Focused Behavioral Therapy may help reorganize the brain's processing of emotional stimuli. These observations reveal the importance of an early intervention when the mechanisms of neuroplasticity may be still recruited.

精神病可以预防吗?临床、神经影像学和遗传数据:一项探索性研究。
本研究的目的是探索在实施创伤集中认知行为疗法前后,一组严重虐待儿童与健康对照组相比,由情绪范式引发的大脑功能激活、临床评分(PTSD、焦虑和抑郁)、精神病特征和遗传特征(5-HTTLPR)之间的关系。最后的样本由14名受虐待儿童组成的实验组(平均年龄 = 8.77 岁,S.D。 = 1.83)从墨西哥城的一个非政府收容所招募,该收容所是为经历过虐待儿童的儿童服务的,以及一个由普通人群中的10名儿童组成的对照组(平均年龄 = 9.57 岁,S.D。 = 1.91)。两组根据年龄和性别进行匹配,并在实施上述治疗前后通过临床量表和情绪范式进行评估,情绪范式引发大脑激活,并通过功能磁共振成像进行记录。5-HTTLPR多态性的基因分型是在第一次评估时进行的。一项感兴趣区域分析显示,受虐待儿童在治疗前暴露于恐惧和愤怒刺激时,杏仁核过度激活。治疗后,还观察到大脑活动减少以及临床症状减少。5-HTTLPR多态性对虐待儿童临床症状的严重程度没有任何影响。以创伤为中心的行为治疗可能有助于重组大脑对情绪刺激的处理。这些观察结果揭示了在神经可塑性机制可能仍被招募时早期干预的重要性。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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来源期刊
Child Neuropsychology
Child Neuropsychology 医学-临床神经学
CiteScore
4.10
自引率
9.10%
发文量
71
审稿时长
>12 weeks
期刊介绍: The purposes of Child Neuropsychology are to: publish research on the neuropsychological effects of disorders which affect brain functioning in children and adolescents, publish research on the neuropsychological dimensions of development in childhood and adolescence and promote the integration of theory, method and research findings in child/developmental neuropsychology. The primary emphasis of Child Neuropsychology is to publish original empirical research. Theoretical and methodological papers and theoretically relevant case studies are welcome. Critical reviews of topics pertinent to child/developmental neuropsychology are encouraged. Emphases of interest include the following: information processing mechanisms; the impact of injury or disease on neuropsychological functioning; behavioral cognitive and pharmacological approaches to treatment/intervention; psychosocial correlates of neuropsychological dysfunction; definitive normative, reliability, and validity studies of psychometric and other procedures used in the neuropsychological assessment of children and adolescents. Articles on both normal and dysfunctional development that are relevant to the aforementioned dimensions are welcome. Multiple approaches (e.g., basic, applied, clinical) and multiple methodologies (e.g., cross-sectional, longitudinal, experimental, multivariate, correlational) are appropriate. Books, media, and software reviews will be published.
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