An automatic and smart platform for rapid detection of cadmium and lead simultaneously in rice using triple-amplified chemiluminescence immunoassay.

Abstract

Rapid detection of trace ions is urgently needed for large-scale screening to ensure food safety. This study developed an innovative and automatic strategy, based on a smart-designed platform for rapid detection of cadmium and lead in rice. As bridge antibody, the antigen was conjugated with goat anti-mouse immunoglobulin G labeled alkaline phosphatase. Meanwhile, a biotin-streptavidin system was introduced to micromagnetic particles, thus providing a triple-amplified chemiluminescence immunoassay with high sensitivity, accuracy and specificity. The limits of detection for cadmium and lead were 0.06 and 1.00 ng mL^-1, respectively, within 30 min. The recoveries ranged from 89.81 to 114.92 %, with relative standard deviations less than 9.2 %. The results obtained agreed with those of inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry and certified reference materials. Additionally, the auto-operation avoided human errors as well as being convenient, fast, automatic and high-throughput. Therefore, this smart platform can be applied for large-scale Cd²⁺ and Pb²⁺ screening.