The ability of supercritical CO2 carrot and pumpkin extracts to counteract inflammation and oxidative stress in RAW 264.7 macrophages stimulated with LPS or MDA-MB-231 cell-conditioned media†
Luca Frattaruolo, Miriana Durante, Maria Stella Cappello, Anna Montefusco, Giovanni Mita, Anna Rita Cappello and Marcello Salvatore Lenucci
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引用次数: 0
Abstract
Supercritical fluid extraction with CO2 (SFE) is an alternative technology to conventional solvent extraction (CSE), to obtain food-grade bioactives from plants. Here, SFE and CSE extracts from carrot and pumpkin matrices, impregnated with hempseed or flaxseed oil as co-solvents, were characterized by HPLC and GC-MS, and their ability to counteract the inflammatory and oxidative phenomena underlying the onset of several pathologies was assessed in vitro. All extracts showed dose-dependent anti-inflammatory potential and demonstrated an ability to interfere with the pro-inflammatory effects of breast cancer cell-conditioned media, and to inhibit reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and nitrite production (NP) in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated macrophages. Nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) is involved in these response mechanisms, as highlighted by the increased mRNA levels of its target genes revealed by quantitative real-time PCR analyses. NP and ROS concentrations negatively correlated with α-tocopherol and most carotenoids, but positively with the total tocopherol/total carotenoid ratio, suggesting an idiosyncratic effect of these bioactives on cell responses and emphasizing the need to focus on extract constituents’ interactions.
期刊介绍:
Food & Function provides a unique venue for physicists, chemists, biochemists, nutritionists and other food scientists to publish work at the interface of the chemistry, physics and biology of food. The journal focuses on food and the functions of food in relation to health.