Comprehensive Sexuality Education to Reduce Pregnancy and STIs in Adolescents in the United States: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

IF 1.2 Q2 EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH

American Journal of Sexuality Education Pub Date : 2021-09-21 DOI:10.1080/15546128.2022.2080140

Amy L. Bordogna, Amanda C. Coyle, Rupa Nallamothu, Alina L. Manko, R. Yen

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引用次数: 2

Abstract

Abstract The United States has a higher rate of teen pregnancy than any other developed country with 30% of American girls becoming pregnant before the age of 20. Laws regarding the inclusion and content of sexuality education vary across the country, which are associated with differences in pregnancy and sexually transmitted infection (STI) rates between states. This systematic review aims to determine whether comprehensive sexuality education (CSE) is more effective than abstinence-only or no sexuality education at reducing teenage pregnancy. Secondary objectives include analyzing the effect of CSE on STI incidence, sexual activity, safe-sex behaviors, and social discomfort. We searched multiple databases for studies published from 1990 to 2021. Twenty-nine studies met our inclusion criteria. Seven included pregnancy as an outcome, with three fitting our meta-analysis criteria. There was a decrease in pregnancy rates for participants in the CSE intervention compared to the control (n = 3, risk ratio = 0.89, 95%CI 0.79–1.00, I2 = 0%). We found that CSE is likely to reduce pregnancy rates; however, there was limited data available on this outcome. CSE increased safe-sex behaviors but did not have a notable impact on sexual activity or STIs. This review can serve as evidence for the implementation of CSE in the US.

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美国青少年减少妊娠和性传播感染的综合性教育：系统综述和荟萃分析

摘要美国青少年怀孕率高于任何其他发达国家，30%的美国女孩在20岁前怀孕。全国各地关于性教育内容和内容的法律各不相同，这与各州之间怀孕率和性传播感染率的差异有关。这项系统综述旨在确定在减少青少年怀孕方面，综合性教育（CSE）是否比仅禁欲或不性教育更有效。次要目标包括分析CSE对STI发病率、性活动、安全性行为和社会不适的影响。我们在多个数据库中搜索了1990年至2021年发表的研究。29项研究符合我们的纳入标准。其中7项包括妊娠作为结果，其中3项符合我们的荟萃分析标准。与对照组相比，CSE干预组的妊娠率有所下降（n = 3，风险比=0.89，95%CI 0.79–1.00，I2=0%）。我们发现CSE可能会降低妊娠率；然而，关于这一结果的可用数据有限。CSE增加了安全性行为，但对性活动或性传播感染没有显著影响。这项审查可以作为在美国实施CSE的证据。

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来源期刊

American Journal of Sexuality Education EDUCATION & EDUCATIONAL RESEARCH-

CiteScore

2.40

自引率

8.30%

发文量

期刊介绍： The American Journal of Sexuality Education speaks directly to the distinct, professional needs of sexuality educators and trainers. This peer-reviewed journal provides sexuality educators and trainers with current research about sexuality education programming, best practices, sample lesson plans, reports on curriculum development and assessment, literature reviews, scholarly commentary, educational program reports, media reviews (books, videos, internet resources, and curricula), and letters to the editor. The American Journal of Sexuality Education addresses a variety of sexuality topics and audiences, presenting up-to-date theory and practice, lessons, and evaluations.