Grace Claringbold, Nicky Robinson, Jeromy Anglim, Vicki Kavadas, A. Walker, L. Forsyth
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引用次数: 2
Abstract
ABSTRACT Objective Emergency service workers (i.e., police, fire, ambulance, rescue personnel) are exposed to stressful events that can adversely impact their mental health and well-being. This systematic review investigated (1) what well-being initiatives and interventions have been implemented with Australian and New Zealand emergency service workers, (2) how they have been evaluated, and (3) whether they were effective. Methods A systematic literature search identified 19 peer-reviewed studies eligible for inclusion. Results Eleven studies examined secondary interventions, seven examined primary interventions and only one study examined a tertiary intervention. Most studies measured mental health outcomes (e.g., depression, anxiety). However, some studies used evaluation measures that were not directly related to mental health or well-being (e.g., satisfaction, changes to attitudes). Interventions including physical activity, manager mental health training, social support, psychological debriefing, mindfulness, and an ambulance chaplaincy initiative were found to lead to improvements in mental health and well-being in Australian and New Zealand emergency service workers. Only two ongoing and self-sustaining mental health initiatives were reported. Conclusions Further research is required into primary interventions and organisational-level initiatives to enable a preventative approach to mitigate daily stress and enhance the mental and physical well-being of emergency workers. Key Points What is already known about this topic: Emergency service workers have higher rates of Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD), anxiety, and depression than the general population. Evidence based mental health and well-being support is crucial for emergency service workers to ensure they can protect their respective communities effectively. Research focused on the prevalence of mental health issues for emergency workers is well represented in the literature, however, evidence for interventions designed to improve mental health outcomes is scarce. What this topic adds: This review contributes by identifying and evaluating studies focused on mental health and well-being interventions for emergency service workers in Australia and New Zealand. This review distinguished between interventions (programs with defined start and end points) and initiatives (programs that are ongoing and self-sustaining), and only two initiatives were reported. Interventions that led to improvements in mental health and well-being were those related to mindfulness, physical activity, manager mental health training, social support, psychological debriefing, and an ambulance chaplaincy initiative.
期刊介绍:
Australian Journal of Psychology is the premier scientific journal of the Australian Psychological Society. It covers the entire spectrum of psychological research and receives articles on all topics within the broad scope of the discipline. The journal publishes high quality peer-reviewed articles with reviewers and associate editors providing detailed assistance to authors to reach publication. The journal publishes reports of experimental and survey studies, including reports of qualitative investigations, on pure and applied topics in the field of psychology. Articles on clinical psychology or on the professional concerns of applied psychology should be submitted to our sister journals, Australian Psychologist or Clinical Psychologist. The journal publishes occasional reviews of specific topics, theoretical pieces and commentaries on methodological issues. There are also solicited book reviews and comments Annual special issues devoted to a single topic, and guest edited by a specialist editor, are published. The journal regards itself as international in vision and will accept submissions from psychologists in all countries.