Does the Black/White Wage Gap Widen During Recessions?

IF 4.4 2区 社会学 Q1 INDUSTRIAL RELATIONS & LABOR
Shinjinee Chattopadhyay, Emily C. Bianchi
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引用次数: 8

Abstract

Researchers have long documented a significant wage gap between White and Black workers, at least some of which is attributable to discrimination. Drawing on research suggesting that discrimination increases during recessions, we test whether the racial wage gap expands during economic downturns. Using longitudinal wage data from the Panel Study of Income Dynamics over a 40-year time period (N = 18,954), we find that the wage gap between Black and White workers increases with the unemployment rate. Moreover, we find that the cyclical wage gap is more pronounced in states in which Whites hold more negative attitudes about Blacks and in states with larger Black populations, suggesting that the racial wage gap expansion during recessions is at least partially driven by discrimination. Finally, we find evidence for at least two mechanisms by which the wage gap expands during recessions. First, we find that Black workers are more likely to lose their jobs during downturns and earn lower wages upon reemployment than comparable Whites. Second, we find that Black hourly workers are slightly more likely to have their hours reduced during recessions than White hourly workers, thereby resulting in lower earnings. These findings suggest that the racial wage gap widens during recessions and that discrimination accounts for at least some of this expansion.
衰退期间黑人和白人的工资差距会扩大吗?
研究人员长期以来一直记录着白人和黑人工人之间的巨大工资差距,至少其中一些是由于歧视造成的。根据经济衰退期间歧视加剧的研究,我们测试了经济衰退期间种族工资差距是否扩大。使用40年期间收入动态小组研究的纵向工资数据(N = 18954),我们发现黑人和白人工人之间的工资差距随着失业率的增加而增加。此外,我们发现,在白人对黑人持更负面态度的州和黑人人口较多的州,周期性工资差距更为明显,这表明经济衰退期间种族工资差距的扩大至少部分是由歧视造成的。最后,我们发现了至少两种机制的证据,在经济衰退期间,工资差距会通过这两种机制扩大。首先,我们发现,与白人相比,黑人工人在经济衰退期间更有可能失业,重新就业后的工资更低。其次,我们发现,在经济衰退期间,黑人小时工比白人小时工更有可能减少工作时间,从而导致收入下降。这些发现表明,种族工资差距在经济衰退期间扩大,歧视至少是这种扩大的部分原因。
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来源期刊
CiteScore
5.90
自引率
24.10%
发文量
21
期刊介绍: For over 30 years, Work and Occupations has published rigorous social science research on the human dynamics of the workplace, employment, and society from an international, interdisciplinary perspective. Work and Occupations provides you with a broad perspective on the workplace, examining international approaches to work-related issues as well as insights from scholars in a variety of fields, including: anthropology, demography, education, government administration, history, industrial relations, labour economics, management, psychology, and sociology. In addition to regular features including research notes, review essays, and book reviews.
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