Foliar humic acid and salicylic acid application stimulates physiological responses and antioxidant systems to improve maize yield under water limitations

JSFA reports Pub Date : 2023-02-06 DOI:10.1002/jsf2.106

Adnan Altaf, Fahim Nawaz, Sadia Majeed, Muhammad Ahsan, Khawaja Shafique Ahmad, Gulzar Akhtar, Muhammad Asif Shehzad, Hafiz Muhammad Rashad Javeed, Muhammad Farman

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引用次数: 3

Abstract

Background

Humic acid (HA) is an organic acid that is naturally present in soil organic matter and improves nutrient availability and the mechanisms involved in plant growth and development. Likewise, salicylic acid (SA) is an important plant hormone involved in the regulation of plant growth and development. A pot experiment was carried out to determine the effects of individual or combined HA and SA application on growth and yield of maize (Zea mays L.) under drought stress conditions. Two maize hybrids, namely, 30T60 (drought tolerant) and 75S75 (drought sensitive), were grown in semi-controlled conditions and foliar applied with SA (1 mM), HA (100 mg L⁻¹) and their combination (HA + SA). The plants were exposed to drought stress at the tasseling stage (R1, 60 days after sowing) for 2 weeks, while control plants were given normal irrigation.

Results

The results showed that HA and SA applications significantly enhanced the gas exchange characteristics (photosynthetic rate, transpiration rate, and stomatal conductance), and antioxidant activity (catalase, guaiacol peroxidase, and superoxide dismutase) of water stressed maize plants. Foliar SA spray significantly increased the photosynthetic efficiency and activity of enzymatic antioxidants closely followed by HA + SA application that ultimately improved the yield and net benefit cost ratio of maize under water deficit conditions.

Conclusion

Our findings suggest that foliar spraying of SA at the initiation of the reproductive stage is a cost-effective strategy to obtain a high maize yield under limited water conditions.

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叶片施用腐植酸和水杨酸刺激生理反应和抗氧化系统提高水分限制下玉米产量

腐植酸(HA)是一种天然存在于土壤有机质中的有机酸，能提高养分有效性，并参与植物生长发育机制。同样，水杨酸(salicylic acid, SA)也是一种重要的植物激素，参与调节植物的生长发育。通过盆栽试验，研究了干旱胁迫条件下单独或组合施用HA和SA对玉米生长和产量的影响。在半控制条件下，选用耐旱玉米30T60和干旱敏感玉米75S75，叶面分别施用SA (1 mM)、HA (100 mg L−1)及其组合(HA + SA)。在抽雄期(R1，播种后60天)，植株经受干旱胁迫2周，对照植株正常灌溉。结果表明，施用HA和SA显著提高了水分胁迫玉米植株的气体交换特性(光合速率、蒸腾速率和气孔导度)和抗氧化活性(过氧化氢酶、愈创木酚过氧化物酶和超氧化物歧化酶)。叶片喷施SA显著提高了玉米的光合效率和酶促抗氧化剂活性，其次是HA + SA，最终提高了水分亏缺条件下玉米的产量和净效益成本比。结论在有限水分条件下，在玉米繁殖初期叶面喷施SA是提高玉米产量的有效措施。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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