Serum amyloid a as acute phase protein and its association with dyslipidemia in type 2 diabetes

Abstract

Background: Serum amyloid A (SAA) has many pro-inflammatory and proatherogenic activities which are demonstrated to affect atherosclerosis development and may be a good target in managing cardiovascular diseases in Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). This study is aimed at evaluating the role of SAA as an acute phase protein and its correlation with atherogenic indices in T2DM. Methods: This research was carried out on a total of 30 naive diabetic patients, 30 diabetic patients under treatment (DSUT), and 30 nondiabetic subjects as control groups. Six milliliter of venous blood was collected from each patient and dispensed into an appropriate bottle. SAA, fasting blood sugar (FBS), body mass index (BMI) in diabetic patients, and atherogenic indices [total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C)] were determined using standard laboratory techniques. The data were statistically analyzed correctly, and P < 0.05 was regarded as statistically significant. Results: The mean values of SAA, TC, HDL-C, and LDL-C were significantly higher in both naive and DSUT when compared with the control group (P < 0.05). BMI showed a significant correlation with TG, HDL-C, and LDL-C in naive diabetes patients. Furthermore, SAA had an excellent higher area under the receiver operating characteristic curve than FBS. Conclusions: This study demonstrates a definite relationship between SAA, FBS, and lipid profile parameters in diabetic patients. However, in this study, the role of SAA as an acute phase reactant was established. Furthermore, SAA is noted as a better potential indicator that could facilitate improved diagnosis and management of subjects with T2DM.