The effects of working in a bullying climate on psychological distress and job satisfaction: a multilevel analysis

IF 3.6 4区 心理学 Q1 PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY
Nicole M. Steele, G. Fogarty, B. Rodgers, P. Butterworth
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引用次数: 2

Abstract

ABSTRACT Objective Workplace bullying has predominantly been conceptualised and investigated as an individual phenomenon. However, the effects of workplace bullying are not confined to the individual experiencing negative acts. This study analysed the associations of workplace bullying with psychological distress and job satisfaction at two levels of the organisation: the individual and the group. Method Data were obtained from an organisational climate questionnaire administered to 21 Australian Defence Force (ADF) units (N = 3,193). Multilevel modelling was used to examine the hypothesised relationships of workplace bullying with psychological distress and job satisfaction of ADF personnel at both the individual and group levels. Results The association between the individual-level experience of bullying and each individual-level outcome depended on the extent of workplace bullying at the group level. Those working in low-bullying climates had stronger associations between individual-level bullying and mental health and wellbeing. Even when not directly bullied, employees’ levels of reported psychological distress were higher and levels of job satisfaction were lower in high-bullying climates compared to those working in low-bullying climates who had not directly experienced these behaviours. Conclusion Consistent and strong findings at the individual and group level provide convincing evidence that workplace bullying not only affects the mental health and wellbeing of those who personally experience these behaviours but also those who work within that climate. Key Points What is already known about the topic: (1) Workplace bullying has detrimental effects on an individual’s mental health and wellbeing. (2) Fewer studies have explored the impact of bullying on co-workers who were not the direct targets but who work within a high-bullying climate. (3) The effects of bullying on bystanders can also be harmful. What this topic adds: (1) There is a reliable relationship between workplace bullying and the experience of low job satisfaction and psychological distress. (2) Workplace bullying not only affects the mental health and wellbeing of those who personally experience these behaviours but also those who work within high-bullying climates. (3) Monitoring workplace climates will provide organisations with timely evidence of where interventions may be required.
在欺凌环境中工作对心理困扰和工作满意度的影响:一个多层次分析
摘要:目的职场欺凌主要是作为一种个体现象进行概念化和调查。然而,职场欺凌的影响并不局限于经历负面行为的个人。本研究从个人和团体两个层面分析了职场欺凌与心理困扰和工作满意度的关系。方法从21个澳大利亚国防军(ADF)单位(N = 3,193)的组织气候问卷中获得数据。本研究采用多层次模型,从个人和群体两个层面检验了职场欺凌与ADF人员心理困扰和工作满意度的假设关系。结果个体霸凌经历与个体霸凌结果之间的关系取决于群体层面的职场霸凌程度。那些在低欺凌环境中工作的人在个人层面的欺凌与心理健康和幸福之间有更强的联系。即使没有直接遭受欺凌,与那些没有直接经历过这些行为的低欺凌环境下工作的员工相比,在高欺凌环境下工作的员工报告的心理困扰水平更高,工作满意度水平更低。在个人和群体层面上一致和强有力的发现提供了令人信服的证据,表明工作场所欺凌不仅影响个人经历这些行为的人的心理健康和福祉,也影响在这种环境下工作的人。关于这个话题已经知道的:(1)职场欺凌对个人的心理健康和幸福有有害的影响。(2)很少有研究探讨欺凌对那些不是直接目标但在高欺凌氛围中工作的同事的影响。(3)欺凌对旁观者的影响也可能是有害的。本课题补充的内容:(1)职场欺凌与低工作满意度和心理困扰经历之间存在可靠的关系。(2)工作场所欺凌不仅影响个人经历这些行为的人的心理健康和福祉,也影响在高欺凌环境中工作的人的心理健康和福祉。(3)监测工作场所气候将为组织提供及时的证据,表明哪些地方可能需要干预。
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来源期刊
Australian Journal of Psychology
Australian Journal of Psychology PSYCHOLOGY, MULTIDISCIPLINARY-
CiteScore
5.50
自引率
0.00%
发文量
19
期刊介绍: Australian Journal of Psychology is the premier scientific journal of the Australian Psychological Society. It covers the entire spectrum of psychological research and receives articles on all topics within the broad scope of the discipline. The journal publishes high quality peer-reviewed articles with reviewers and associate editors providing detailed assistance to authors to reach publication. The journal publishes reports of experimental and survey studies, including reports of qualitative investigations, on pure and applied topics in the field of psychology. Articles on clinical psychology or on the professional concerns of applied psychology should be submitted to our sister journals, Australian Psychologist or Clinical Psychologist. The journal publishes occasional reviews of specific topics, theoretical pieces and commentaries on methodological issues. There are also solicited book reviews and comments Annual special issues devoted to a single topic, and guest edited by a specialist editor, are published. The journal regards itself as international in vision and will accept submissions from psychologists in all countries.
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