The biology, function, and biomedical applications of exosomes

IF 45.8 1区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Science Pub Date : 2020-02-07 DOI:10.1126/science.aau6977

Raghu Kalluri, Valerie S. LeBleu

引用次数: 4282

Abstract

The study of extracellular vesicles (EVs) has the potential to identify unknown cellular and molecular mechanisms in intercellular communication and in organ homeostasis and disease. Exosomes, with an average diameter of ~100 nanometers, are a subset of EVs. The biogenesis of exosomes involves their origin in endosomes, and subsequent interactions with other intracellular vesicles and organelles generate the final content of the exosomes. Their diverse constituents include nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, amino acids, and metabolites, which can reflect their cell of origin. In various diseases, exosomes offer a window into altered cellular or tissue states, and their detection in biological fluids potentially offers a multicomponent diagnostic readout. The efficient exchange of cellular components through exosomes can inform their applied use in designing exosome-based therapeutics.

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外泌体的生物学、功能和生物医学应用

对细胞外囊泡（EVs）的研究有可能发现细胞间通信、器官稳态和疾病中未知的细胞和分子机制。外泌体的平均直径约为 100 纳米，是细胞外囊泡的一个子集。外泌体的生物生成过程包括它们起源于内泌体，随后与其他细胞内囊泡和细胞器相互作用产生外泌体的最终内容物。外泌体的成分多种多样，包括核酸、蛋白质、脂类、氨基酸和代谢物，这些成分可以反映其来源细胞。在各种疾病中，外泌体是了解细胞或组织状态变化的窗口，在生物液体中检测外泌体可提供多成分诊断读数。通过外泌体有效交换细胞成分，可为设计基于外泌体的疗法提供参考。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Science 综合性期刊-综合性期刊

CiteScore

61.10

自引率

0.90%

发文量

审稿时长

2.1 months

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