Net-zero emissions energy systems

IF 44.7 1区综合性期刊 Q1 MULTIDISCIPLINARY SCIENCES

Science Pub Date : 2018-06-29 DOI:10.1126/science.aas9793

Steven J. Davis, Nathan S. Lewis, Matthew Shaner, Sonia Aggarwal, Doug Arent, Inês L. Azevedo, Sally M. Benson, Thomas Bradley, Jack Brouwer, Yet-Ming Chiang, Christopher T. M. Clack, Armond Cohen, Stephen Doig, Jae Edmonds, Paul Fennell, Christopher B. Field, Bryan Hannegan, Bri-Mathias Hodge, Martin I. Hoffert, Eric Ingersoll, Paulina Jaramillo, Klaus S. Lackner, Katharine J. Mach, Michael Mastrandrea, Joan Ogden, Per F. Peterson, Daniel L. Sanchez, Daniel Sperling, Joseph Stagner, Jessika E. Trancik, Chi-Jen Yang, Ken Caldeira

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引用次数: 1010

Abstract

Some energy services and industrial processes—such as long-distance freight transport, air travel, highly reliable electricity, and steel and cement manufacturing—are particularly difficult to provide without adding carbon dioxide (CO₂) to the atmosphere. Rapidly growing demand for these services, combined with long lead times for technology development and long lifetimes of energy infrastructure, make decarbonization of these services both essential and urgent. We examine barriers and opportunities associated with these difficult-to-decarbonize services and processes, including possible technological solutions and research and development priorities. A range of existing technologies could meet future demands for these services and processes without net addition of CO₂ to the atmosphere, but their use may depend on a combination of cost reductions via research and innovation, as well as coordinated deployment and integration of operations across currently discrete energy industries.

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净零排放能源系统

一些能源服务和工业流程--如长途货运、航空旅行、高度可靠的电力以及钢铁和水泥制造--尤其难以在不增加大气中二氧化碳（CO2）的情况下提供。对这些服务快速增长的需求，加上技术开发的周期长和能源基础设施的寿命长，使得这些服务的去碳化既必要又紧迫。我们研究了与这些难以脱碳的服务和过程相关的障碍和机遇，包括可能的技术解决方案和研发重点。一系列现有技术可以满足未来对这些服务和流程的需求，而不会向大气中净增加二氧化碳，但这些技术的使用可能取决于通过研究和创新降低成本，以及在目前分散的能源行业中协调部署和整合运营。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Science 综合性期刊-综合性期刊

CiteScore

61.10

自引率

0.90%

发文量

审稿时长

2.1 months

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