Mechanisms of Medicine-Food Homologous Plant Compounds in the Management of Diabetes Mellitus: A Semi-Systematic Review

IF 4.5 2区农林科学 Q1 FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY

Molecular Nutrition & Food Research Pub Date : 2026-10-27 DOI:10.1002/mnfr.70559

Yuan Jia, Senjun Liu, Xin Fu

{"title":"Mechanisms of Medicine-Food Homologous Plant Compounds in the Management of Diabetes Mellitus: A Semi-Systematic Review","authors":"Yuan Jia, Senjun Liu, Xin Fu","doi":"10.1002/mnfr.70559","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<div>\n \n <p>The global burden of diabetes mellitus (DM) is rising, shifting focus toward dietary interventions. Bioactive compounds from medicine-food homologous (MFH) plants bridge nutrition and pharmacotherapy, yet a holistic synthesis of their molecular mechanisms is lacking. A semi-systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science (2017–2026) identified 21 original articles on 12 species of MFH plants from the Chinese National Health Commission's catalogue. These MFH-derived bioactive compounds exert anti-diabetic effects through diverse mechanisms collectively targeting type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). These include: improving insulin resistance (IR) via IRS/PI3K/Akt and AMPK signaling; reducing oxidative stress via endogenous antioxidant defenses; suppressing inflammation through NF-κB and TLR4 pathways; modulating gut microbiota and enhancing short-chain fatty acids; improving lipid metabolism; increasing glucose-stimulated insulin secretion; and inhibiting ferroptosis. Individual plants often act via multiple pathways, though predominant mechanisms vary. The reviewed evidence suggests MFH-derived bioactive compounds may act as multi-target regulators, indicating a potential adjunctive role in diabetes care. High-quality clinical trials are needed to standardize dosages and validate long-term efficacy.</p>\n </div>","PeriodicalId":212,"journal":{"name":"Molecular Nutrition & Food Research","volume":"70 20","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":4.5000,"publicationDate":"2026-10-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Molecular Nutrition & Food Research","FirstCategoryId":"97","ListUrlMain":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/mnfr.70559","RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"","PubModel":"","JCR":"Q1","JCRName":"FOOD SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}

引用次数: 0

Abstract

The global burden of diabetes mellitus (DM) is rising, shifting focus toward dietary interventions. Bioactive compounds from medicine-food homologous (MFH) plants bridge nutrition and pharmacotherapy, yet a holistic synthesis of their molecular mechanisms is lacking. A semi-systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science (2017–2026) identified 21 original articles on 12 species of MFH plants from the Chinese National Health Commission's catalogue. These MFH-derived bioactive compounds exert anti-diabetic effects through diverse mechanisms collectively targeting type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). These include: improving insulin resistance (IR) via IRS/PI3K/Akt and AMPK signaling; reducing oxidative stress via endogenous antioxidant defenses; suppressing inflammation through NF-κB and TLR4 pathways; modulating gut microbiota and enhancing short-chain fatty acids; improving lipid metabolism; increasing glucose-stimulated insulin secretion; and inhibiting ferroptosis. Individual plants often act via multiple pathways, though predominant mechanisms vary. The reviewed evidence suggests MFH-derived bioactive compounds may act as multi-target regulators, indicating a potential adjunctive role in diabetes care. High-quality clinical trials are needed to standardize dosages and validate long-term efficacy.

查看原文本刊更多论文

药食同源植物化合物治疗糖尿病的机制：半系统综述

糖尿病（DM）的全球负担正在上升，将重点转向饮食干预。来自药食同源植物（MFH）的生物活性化合物是营养和药物治疗的桥梁，但缺乏对其分子机制的整体合成。通过对PubMed、Embase和Web of Science（2017-2026）的半系统检索，从中国国家卫生健康委员会目录中发现了12种MFH植物的21篇原创文章。这些mfh衍生的生物活性化合物通过多种机制共同针对2型糖尿病（T2DM）发挥抗糖尿病作用。这些包括：通过IRS/PI3K/Akt和AMPK信号通路改善胰岛素抵抗（IR）；通过内源性抗氧化防御减少氧化应激；通过NF-κB和TLR4途径抑制炎症；调节肠道菌群，增加短链脂肪酸；改善脂质代谢；增加葡萄糖刺激的胰岛素分泌；抑制铁下垂。单个植物通常通过多种途径起作用，尽管主要机制各不相同。综述的证据表明，mfh衍生的生物活性化合物可能作为多靶点调节剂，表明其在糖尿病治疗中的潜在辅助作用。需要高质量的临床试验来规范剂量并验证长期疗效。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

Molecular Nutrition & Food Research 工程技术-食品科技

CiteScore

8.70

自引率

1.90%

发文量

250

审稿时长

1.7 months

期刊介绍： Molecular Nutrition & Food Research is a primary research journal devoted to health, safety and all aspects of molecular nutrition such as nutritional biochemistry, nutrigenomics and metabolomics aiming to link the information arising from related disciplines: Bioactivity: Nutritional and medical effects of food constituents including bioavailability and kinetics. Immunology: Understanding the interactions of food and the immune system. Microbiology: Food spoilage, food pathogens, chemical and physical approaches of fermented foods and novel microbial processes. Chemistry: Isolation and analysis of bioactive food ingredients while considering environmental aspects.