{"title":"Experimental investigation of anaerobic digestion under an external static magnetic field.","authors":"Zakiya Rahmat-Ullah, Mohamed Abdallah, Mariam Hosny, Abdallah Shanableh, Sourjya Bhattacharjee, Majid Sartaj","doi":"10.1007/s00449-026-03424-5","DOIUrl":null,"url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Despite the numerous advantages of anaerobic digestion (AD) for biofuel production and waste reduction, its performance is often constrained by operational limitations, including slow kinetics and process instability. Magnetic induction of AD has emerged as an enhancement technique by influencing microbial activity. This study evaluated the effect of mid-range static magnetic field intensities ranging between 86 and 215 mT on AD. The experimental results were used for further analytical computations, including chemical oxygen demand (COD) balance, kinetic modeling, and energy-efficiency analysis. The results showed that the 215 mT assay achieved the greatest energy efficiency and the highest methane yield of 217.6 mL CH₄/g VS, which is 12.7% higher than the control, whereas the 118 mT assay resulted in the highest COD (55.1%) and soluble COD (66.1%) removal. COD balance confirmed that magnetic exposure promoted higher COD conversion to methane and microbial biomass. The greatest VS removal efficiency of 47.7% was achieved through applying an intensity of 86 mT. The findings indicated that static magnetic fields within the medium-intensity range can enhance AD performance without excessive energy demand or microbial inhibition. The kinetic simulation revealed that the Stannard model, which incorporates the shape factor, had the lowest error and highest R-squared value, at 1.2% and 0.994, respectively. This study bridges the research gap between low- and high-intensity magnetic applications, providing valuable insights for optimizing magnetically assisted AD systems.</p>","PeriodicalId":9024,"journal":{"name":"Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering","volume":" ","pages":"2961-2974"},"PeriodicalIF":4.3000,"publicationDate":"2026-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":"0","resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":null,"PeriodicalName":"Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering","FirstCategoryId":"5","ListUrlMain":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00449-026-03424-5","RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"生物学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":null,"EPubDate":"2026/9/16 0:00:00","PubModel":"Epub","JCR":"Q2","JCRName":"BIOTECHNOLOGY & APPLIED MICROBIOLOGY","Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Abstract
Despite the numerous advantages of anaerobic digestion (AD) for biofuel production and waste reduction, its performance is often constrained by operational limitations, including slow kinetics and process instability. Magnetic induction of AD has emerged as an enhancement technique by influencing microbial activity. This study evaluated the effect of mid-range static magnetic field intensities ranging between 86 and 215 mT on AD. The experimental results were used for further analytical computations, including chemical oxygen demand (COD) balance, kinetic modeling, and energy-efficiency analysis. The results showed that the 215 mT assay achieved the greatest energy efficiency and the highest methane yield of 217.6 mL CH₄/g VS, which is 12.7% higher than the control, whereas the 118 mT assay resulted in the highest COD (55.1%) and soluble COD (66.1%) removal. COD balance confirmed that magnetic exposure promoted higher COD conversion to methane and microbial biomass. The greatest VS removal efficiency of 47.7% was achieved through applying an intensity of 86 mT. The findings indicated that static magnetic fields within the medium-intensity range can enhance AD performance without excessive energy demand or microbial inhibition. The kinetic simulation revealed that the Stannard model, which incorporates the shape factor, had the lowest error and highest R-squared value, at 1.2% and 0.994, respectively. This study bridges the research gap between low- and high-intensity magnetic applications, providing valuable insights for optimizing magnetically assisted AD systems.
期刊介绍：
Bioprocess and Biosystems Engineering provides an international peer-reviewed forum to facilitate the discussion between engineering and biological science to find efficient solutions in the development and improvement of bioprocesses. The aim of the journal is to focus more attention on the multidisciplinary approaches for integrative bioprocess design. Of special interest are the rational manipulation of biosystems through metabolic engineering techniques to provide new biocatalysts as well as the model based design of bioprocesses (up-stream processing, bioreactor operation and downstream processing) that will lead to new and sustainable production processes.
Contributions are targeted at new approaches for rational and evolutive design of cellular systems by taking into account the environment and constraints of technical production processes, integration of recombinant technology and process design, as well as new hybrid intersections such as bioinformatics and process systems engineering. Manuscripts concerning the design, simulation, experimental validation, control, and economic as well as ecological evaluation of novel processes using biosystems or parts thereof (e.g., enzymes, microorganisms, mammalian cells, plant cells, or tissue), their related products, or technical devices are also encouraged.
The Editors will consider papers for publication based on novelty, their impact on biotechnological production and their contribution to the advancement of bioprocess and biosystems engineering science. Submission of papers dealing with routine aspects of bioprocess engineering (e.g., routine application of established methodologies, and description of established equipment) are discouraged.
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：
京公网安备 11010802042870号
