On the Study of Dynamic Power Dissipation and Switching Speed of Inkjet-Printed RF MoS2 Nonvolatile Switches for Wireless IoT Applications

Abstract

The ever-growing deployment of the Internet of Things (IoT) requires the development of electric switches that combine rapid switching time with low power consumption to enhance device performance and energy efficiency. This work explores the use of inkjet-printed nonvolatile switches, made from a 2-D material ink based on molybdenum disulfide (MoS2), for radio frequency (RF) applications. Nonvolatile switches are notable for their zero-static power capability, enabling state retention without a continuous power supply. We have conducted real-time measurements of the inkjet-printed MoS2 nonvolatile switches during both switching-on and switching-off states and analyzed their dynamic behavior across various applied voltages. Our findings reveal that, at an on/off resistance ratio of $10{^{{6}}}$ , switching on the devices can be less than 51 ns, and the energy dissipated can be as low as 1.11 nJ. In contrast, the fastest switching-off time is 147 ns, with the lowest energy expenditure of 61.2 nJ, highlighting the potential of MoS2 nonvolatile switches to significantly enhance energy efficiency. Furthermore, it is found that, unlike conventional semiconductor diodes and transistors, the switching-on and switching-off times depend on the applied voltages; the higher the voltage, the faster the switching process, underlining the dynamic property of inkjet-printed MoS2 switches.