A survey of OAM-encoded high-dimensional quantum key distribution: Foundations, experiments, and recent trends

IF 4.6 3区计算机科学 Q1 COMPUTER SCIENCE, INFORMATION SYSTEMS

ICT Express Pub Date : 2026-08-01 Epub Date: 2026-05-19 DOI:10.1016/j.icte.2026.05.005

Huan Zhang, Zhenyu Cao, Yu Sun, Hu Jin

引用次数: 0

Abstract

High-dimensional quantum key distribution (HD-QKD) enhances information efficiency and noise tolerance by encoding data in large Hilbert spaces. The orbital angular momentum (OAM) of light provides a scalable basis for such encoding and supports high-dimensional photonic communication. Practical OAM-based implementations remain constrained by challenges in state generation, transmission, and detection. This survey offers a consolidated overview of OAM-encoded HD-QKD, outlining fundamental principles, representative experiments, and system-level limitations. Recent progress in hybrid encodings, mode sorting, adaptive optics, and TF, CV, MDI, and DI frameworks is summarized with emphasis on practical feasibility.

查看原文本刊更多论文

oam编码的高维量子密钥分发研究：基础、实验和最新趋势

高维量子密钥分发（HD-QKD）通过对大希尔伯特空间中的数据进行编码，提高了信息效率和噪声容忍度。光的轨道角动量（OAM）为这种编码提供了可扩展的基础，并支持高维光子通信。实际的基于oam的实现仍然受到状态生成、传输和检测方面的挑战的限制。本调查提供了oam编码HD-QKD的综合概述，概述了基本原理、代表性实验和系统级限制。综述了混合编码、模式排序、自适应光学、TF、CV、MDI和DI框架的最新进展，并重点讨论了其实际可行性。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

求助全文

约1分钟内获得全文求助全文

来源期刊

ICT Express Multiple-

CiteScore

10.20

自引率

1.90%

发文量

167

审稿时长

35 weeks

期刊介绍： The ICT Express journal published by the Korean Institute of Communications and Information Sciences (KICS) is an international, peer-reviewed research publication covering all aspects of information and communication technology. The journal aims to publish research that helps advance the theoretical and practical understanding of ICT convergence, platform technologies, communication networks, and device technologies. The technology advancement in information and communication technology (ICT) sector enables portable devices to be always connected while supporting high data rate, resulting in the recent popularity of smartphones that have a considerable impact in economic and social development.