Characterization of Cyclotides via LC-MS/MS from the Vietnamese Plant Viola annamensis Bak.f.: Insights into Antimicrobial and Larvicidal Activities

IF 3.7 2区生物学 Q2 CHEMISTRY, MEDICINAL

Journal of Natural Products Pub Date : 2026-08-28 Epub Date: 2026-07-08 DOI:10.1021/acs.jnatprod.6c00512

Tien T. Dang, Tam T. T. Tran, Uyen N. P. Nguyen, Son H. Pham, Tuan H. N. Nguyen

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Viola annamensis Bak.f., a Vietnamese endemic species, is reported here for the first time as a source of cyclotides. LC–MS and LC - MS/MS analyses identified 11 cyclotides (3.1–3.8 kDa) bearing the conserved cyclic cystine knot (CCK) motif, including four novel cyclotides designated Vian A, Vian B, Vian C, and Vian D. Fraction M1 contained eight cyclotides, including Vian A, whereas fractions M2 and M3 mainly contained Vian B/Vian C and Vian D, respectively. Vian D was successfully purified, sequenced, and evaluated for antimicrobial activity. The peptide mixtures M2 and Vian D showed antibacterial activity against Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Bacillus subtilis, and Listeria ivanovii. Minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) values for M2 and Vian D ranged from 6.2 to 8.3 mg/mL, confirming the contribution of these cyclotides to the antimicrobial properties of V.annamensis. Cytotoxicity assessment using the Artemia salina assay showed low toxicity for the salt-precipitated sample, with an LC₅₀ value of 1.042 mg/mL, whereas the purified peptide mixtures exhibited higher, concentration-dependent toxicity. Among them, M1 demonstrated greater potency, with an LC₅₀ of 0.049 mg/mL, followed by M2 with an LC₅₀ of 0.131 mg/mL. This study identifies V. annamensis as a novel source of new cyclotides with potential antimicrobial applications.

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通过LC-MS/MS表征越南植物紫叶堇菜（Viola annamensis bakf .f.）的环核苷酸：抗菌和杀幼虫活性的研究

紫堇。是越南特有的一种，首次报道为环藻的来源。LC-MS和LC-MS /MS分析鉴定出11个环核苷酸（3.1-3.8 kDa）含有保守环胱氨酸结（CCK）基序，包括4个新的环核苷酸，分别命名为Vian A、Vian B、Vian C和Vian D。馏分M1含有包括Vian A在内的8个环核苷酸，而馏分M2和M3主要含有Vian B/Vian C和Vian D。Vian D被成功纯化、测序并评估其抗菌活性。M2和Vian D对铜绿假单胞菌、枯草芽孢杆菌和伊万诺氏李斯特菌均有抗菌活性。M2和Vian D的最小抑制浓度（MIC）值在6.2 ~ 8.3 mg/mL之间，证实了这些环核苷酸对annamensis抗菌性能的贡献。采用青蒿素法进行细胞毒性评估，结果表明盐沉淀样品的毒性较低，LC50值为1.042 mg/mL，而纯化肽混合物的毒性较高，且呈浓度依赖性。其中，M1效价最高，LC50为0.049 mg/mL， M2次之，LC50为0.131 mg/mL。本研究确定了annamensis是一种具有潜在抗菌应用价值的新环核苷酸来源。

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来源期刊

Journal of Natural Products 生物-药学

CiteScore

9.10

自引率

5.90%

发文量

294

审稿时长

2.3 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Natural Products invites and publishes papers that make substantial and scholarly contributions to the area of natural products research. Contributions may relate to the chemistry and/or biochemistry of naturally occurring compounds or the biology of living systems from which they are obtained. Specifically, there may be articles that describe secondary metabolites of microorganisms, including antibiotics and mycotoxins; physiologically active compounds from terrestrial and marine plants and animals; biochemical studies, including biosynthesis and microbiological transformations; fermentation and plant tissue culture; the isolation, structure elucidation, and chemical synthesis of novel compounds from nature; and the pharmacology of compounds of natural origin. When new compounds are reported, manuscripts describing their biological activity are much preferred. Specifically, there may be articles that describe secondary metabolites of microorganisms, including antibiotics and mycotoxins; physiologically active compounds from terrestrial and marine plants and animals; biochemical studies, including biosynthesis and microbiological transformations; fermentation and plant tissue culture; the isolation, structure elucidation, and chemical synthesis of novel compounds from nature; and the pharmacology of compounds of natural origin.