Production Country Origin Impact on Soybean Oil Quality

IF 2.4 4区农林科学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society Pub Date : 2026-07-02 Epub Date: 2026-04-28 DOI:10.1002/aocs.70072

Huazhen Liu, Micah Pope, Todd Doehring, Pradeep Kachroo, David Hildebrand

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Abstract

Previous studies have suggested variability in soybean oil quality depending on geographic origin of the soybeans. In this study, 1035 crude degummed soybean oil (raw oil unrefined except for degumming) samples collected from vessels and crushers over five harvest years (2020–2024) were analyzed for 11 key quality attributes. Soybean oil samples were sourced from soybeans that originated from the United States, Brazil, and Argentina. The results indicate that US-grown soybeans consistently produce the highest-quality oil, characterized by the lowest free fatty acid (FFA) levels and lowest neutral oil loss (NOL). Oils from US soybeans also exhibited the highest iodine values. In contrast, Argentine oil quality was intermediate, showing moderate FFA and NOL levels, while Brazilian soybean oil displayed the lowest overall quality, with elevated FFA, NOL, and mineral content. Differences in unsaponifiable matter, saponification value, iron content, and Lovibond red color were minimal or inconsistent across origins. Collectively, these findings demonstrate that soybean oil quality differs significantly among growing regions, with potential economic implications for processors and traders.

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生产国原产国对豆油品质的影响

以前的研究表明，豆油质量的差异取决于大豆的地理产地。在这项研究中，从容器和破碎机收集了5个收获年（2020-2024年）的1035个脱胶大豆油（除脱胶外未精炼的原油）样品，分析了11个关键质量属性。大豆油样品取自美国、巴西和阿根廷的大豆。结果表明，美国大豆始终能生产出最高品质的油，其特点是游离脂肪酸（FFA）水平最低，中性油损失（NOL）最低。来自美国大豆的油也显示出最高的碘值。相比之下，阿根廷豆油质量为中等，FFA和NOL水平中等，而巴西豆油整体质量最低，FFA、NOL和矿物质含量较高。不皂化物质、皂化值、铁含量和Lovibond红色的差异很小或不一致。总的来说，这些研究结果表明，豆油质量在种植地区之间存在显著差异，这对加工商和贸易商具有潜在的经济影响。

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来源期刊

Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society 工程技术-食品科技

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

5.00%

发文量

审稿时长

2.4 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society (JAOCS) is an international peer-reviewed journal that publishes significant original scientific research and technological advances on fats, oils, oilseed proteins, and related materials through original research articles, invited reviews, short communications, and letters to the editor. We seek to publish reports that will significantly advance scientific understanding through hypothesis driven research, innovations, and important new information pertaining to analysis, properties, processing, products, and applications of these food and industrial resources. Breakthroughs in food science and technology, biotechnology (including genomics, biomechanisms, biocatalysis and bioprocessing), and industrial products and applications are particularly appropriate. JAOCS also considers reports on the lipid composition of new, unique, and traditional sources of lipids that definitively address a research hypothesis and advances scientific understanding. However, the genus and species of the source must be verified by appropriate means of classification. In addition, the GPS location of the harvested materials and seed or vegetative samples should be deposited in an accredited germplasm repository. Compositional data suitable for Original Research Articles must embody replicated estimate of tissue constituents, such as oil, protein, carbohydrate, fatty acid, phospholipid, tocopherol, sterol, and carotenoid compositions. Other components unique to the specific plant or animal source may be reported. Furthermore, lipid composition papers should incorporate elements of yeartoyear, environmental, and/ or cultivar variations through use of appropriate statistical analyses.