Green Preparation of Naproxen-Loaded Solid Lipid Nanoparticles Based on Glyceryl Behenate to Improve Transdermal Absorption

IF 2.4 4区农林科学 Q3 CHEMISTRY, APPLIED

Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society Pub Date : 2026-07-02 Epub Date: 2026-04-28 DOI:10.1002/aocs.70086

Katayoun Morteza-Semnani, Jafar Akbari, Marzieh Ebrahimi, S. Sohrab Rostamkalaei, Kimia Saeedi, Majid Saeedi

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Abstract

Naproxen is one of the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs which show some side effects via oral administration. Percutaneous delivery of this drug can reduce these adverse effects. The bioavailability of naproxen could be promoted by several methods including administration of naproxen-loaded nanoparticles. In this research solid lipid nanoparticles (SLN) based on glyceryl behenate were developed as drug carriers and after characterization, the percutaneous absorption of optimum nanoparticles was compared with plain topical naproxen preparation. Naproxen-loaded SLNs were prepared by emulsification followed by ultrasonication method. Several nanoparticles were formulated with different amounts of glyceryl behenate as lipid phase and some ratios of Tween 60 and Span 80 as emulsifiers. Selected formulation showed a mean particle size of 259.6 ± 10.2 nm, a polydispersity index (PDI) of 0.39 ± 0.04, a zeta potential of −10.7 ± 0.6 mV and a drug loading of 63.9% ± 5.6%. These data were confirmed by SEM (Scanning Electron Microscope) analysis. DSC (Differential Scanning Calorimetry) and FTIR (Fourier Transform Infrared) spectroscopy proved the drug loading and showed no chemical interaction between formulation ingredients. The percutaneous absorption study via rat skin showed significant drug absorption of naproxen SLN after 24 h via rat skin which was 261.22 ± 86.25 μg/cm² of rat skin, in comparison with simple naproxen solution, 41.66 ± 10.88 μg/cm² of rat skin (p < 0.0001). This observation was made regarding the drug retained in the skin after 24 h (p < 0.0001). These results indicated SLN prepared based on glyceryl behenate can improve naproxen permeation via skin and can be used as a novel system for dermal drug delivery.

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绿色制备含萘普生的固体脂质纳米颗粒提高透皮吸收

萘普生是一种非甾体类抗炎药，口服有一定的副作用。经皮给药可减少这些不良反应。可通过几种方法提高萘普生的生物利用度，包括给药萘普生纳米颗粒。本研究以硝酸甘油为基础制备固体脂质纳米颗粒（SLN）作为药物载体，并对其进行了表征，比较了最佳纳米颗粒与单纯外用萘普生制剂的经皮吸收。采用超声乳化法制备了装载萘普生的sln。以不同量的甘油酯为脂相，以不同比例的Tween 60和Span 80为乳化剂，制备了几种纳米颗粒。所选制剂的平均粒径为259.6±10.2 nm， PDI为0.39±0.04，zeta电位为−10.7±0.6 mV，载药量为63.9%±5.6%。这些数据经扫描电镜（SEM）分析证实。DSC（差示扫描量热法）和FTIR（傅里叶变换红外）光谱证实了该制剂的载药量，且制剂成分之间没有化学相互作用。经大鼠皮肤经皮吸收实验显示，24 h后萘普生SLN经大鼠皮肤的药物吸收率为261.22±86.25 μg/cm2，而单纯萘普生溶液的吸收率为41.66±10.88 μg/cm2 （p < 0.0001）。这是对24小时后残留在皮肤中的药物进行的观察（p < 0.0001）。结果表明，以酚酸甘油酯为基础制备的SLN可改善萘普生经皮渗透，可作为一种新的皮肤给药系统。

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来源期刊

Journal of the American Oil Chemists Society 工程技术-食品科技

CiteScore

4.10

自引率

5.00%

发文量

审稿时长

2.4 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of the American Oil Chemists’ Society (JAOCS) is an international peer-reviewed journal that publishes significant original scientific research and technological advances on fats, oils, oilseed proteins, and related materials through original research articles, invited reviews, short communications, and letters to the editor. We seek to publish reports that will significantly advance scientific understanding through hypothesis driven research, innovations, and important new information pertaining to analysis, properties, processing, products, and applications of these food and industrial resources. Breakthroughs in food science and technology, biotechnology (including genomics, biomechanisms, biocatalysis and bioprocessing), and industrial products and applications are particularly appropriate. JAOCS also considers reports on the lipid composition of new, unique, and traditional sources of lipids that definitively address a research hypothesis and advances scientific understanding. However, the genus and species of the source must be verified by appropriate means of classification. In addition, the GPS location of the harvested materials and seed or vegetative samples should be deposited in an accredited germplasm repository. Compositional data suitable for Original Research Articles must embody replicated estimate of tissue constituents, such as oil, protein, carbohydrate, fatty acid, phospholipid, tocopherol, sterol, and carotenoid compositions. Other components unique to the specific plant or animal source may be reported. Furthermore, lipid composition papers should incorporate elements of yeartoyear, environmental, and/ or cultivar variations through use of appropriate statistical analyses.