Maternal Knowledge of Sudden Infant Death Syndrome Prevention in the Immediate Postpartum Period: Sociodemographic Disparities.

Abstract

Introduction: Sudden infant death syndrome remains a leading cause of post-neonatal infant mortality. Maternal knowledge of risk reduction strategies is essential, particularly during the immediate postpartum period when infant care routines are being established. The aims of this study were to evaluate maternal knowledge of sudden infant death syndrome prevention measures during the immediate postpartum period, identify sociodemographic disparities to guide future education strategies and provide mothers with an educational intervention.

Methods: This is a cross-sectional questionnaire-based study conducted among 139 postpartum mothers at a Portuguese urban maternity hospital. The survey included sociodemographic data and a 10-item knowledge assessment based on international guidelines. Targeted counselling was delivered immediately after survey completion.

Results: The median knowledge score was 7/10 (IQR = 2). Mothers with one previous child (versus a different number of previous children) and those born in Portugal (versus born in a foreign country) scored significantly higher (p = 0.035 and p = 0.031, respectively) on a question regarding tummy time. Key knowledge gaps included baby positioning on the crib and crib toy use. Multivariable analysis showed parity and maternal origin significantly predicted knowledge (R2 = 0.118).

Conclusion: Although there is general awareness on how to prevent sudden infant death syndrome, knowledge gaps persist and are associated with cultural and experiential factors. Tailored educational interventions during the postpartum period are needed. Maternal knowledge is a necessary precursor to safe sleep behaviors, but bridging the gap between knowledge and practice requires addressing cultural norms and misinformation, reducing preventable mortality.