Effect of genotype, nitrogen fertilization, growing season, and their interactions on content of distinct anthocyanins and quality parameters of purple and blue winter wheat grains.

IF 3.5 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2026-03-10 DOI:10.1002/jsfa.70583

Luděk Hřivna, Veronika Neřádová, Iva Burešová, Jana Simonová, Tomáš Gregor

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: This study tested the hypothesis that anthocyanin content and grain characteristics in pigmented wheat are influenced by genotype (G), nitrogen (N) fertilization, growing season (GS), and their interactions. Purple wheat (cv. PS Karkulka) and blue wheat (cv. Skorpion) were grown for three consecutive seasons (2016-2019) at Velký Týnec, Czech Republic, using a randomized block design (three replications) with two N rates (150 and 210 kg ha^-1).

Results: Skorpion accumulated approximately 3-6× higher total anthocyanin concentrations than PS Karkulka. Across cultivars, delphinidin derivatives - especially delphinidin-3-O-rutinoside and delphinidin-3-O-glucoside - were major contributors to the profile, while cyanidin-3-O-glucoside became the most abundant anthocyanin in PS Karkulka in several treatments in the second and third seasons. Analysis of variance indicated that G (10.41-71.70%) and GS (10.07-33.89%) explained most of the variation in anthocyanin traits, whereas N had a smaller but significant positive effect (0.37-7.70%); most N-related interactions were not significant. For grain traits, G and GS strongly affected yield (41.13% and 44.34%, respectively), 1000-kernel weight (18.45% and 74.06%), grain-size fractions (3.68-20.24% and 56.00-76.09%), sedimentation volume (4.39% and 71.17%), and protein content (4.39% and 71.17%), with a significant G × GS interaction (1.20-29.92%) indicating cultivar-specific seasonal responses. N had limited effects on yield and kernel size but increased protein content and sedimentation volume.

Conclusion: The hypothesis was supported. Genotype and growing season were the dominant drivers of both anthocyanin profiles and grain traits, while nitrogen fertilization primarily improved protein-related technological quality rather than yield or kernel size. © 2026 Society of Chemical Industry.

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基因型、施氮量、生长季节及其相互作用对紫蓝冬小麦籽粒花色苷含量和品质参数的影响

背景：本研究验证了色素小麦花青素含量和籽粒性状受基因型(G)、氮肥(N)施用、生长季节（GS）及其相互作用影响的假设。紫麦PS Karkulka)和蓝小麦(cv。采用随机区组设计（3个重复），连续3个季节（2016-2019）在捷克共和国Velký Týnec种植天蝎，施氮量分别为150和210 kg ha-1。结果：天蝎累积的总花青素含量约为芥蓝的3-6倍。在不同品种中，飞燕草苷衍生物（特别是飞燕草苷-3- o -芦丁苷和飞燕草苷-3- o -葡萄糖苷）是花青素谱的主要贡献者，而飞燕草苷-3- o -葡萄糖苷在第二和第三季的几个处理中成为花青素中最丰富的花青素。方差分析表明，G（10.41 ~ 71.70%）和GS（10.07 ~ 33.89%）解释了花青素性状的大部分变异，而N的正影响较小（0.37 ~ 7.70%）；大多数与氮相关的相互作用不显著。在籽粒性状方面，G和GS对产量（分别为41.13%和44.34%）、千粒重（分别为18.45%和74.06%）、粒级分数（分别为3.68 ~ 20.24%和56.00 ~ 76.09%）、沉降体积（分别为4.39%和71.17%）和蛋白质含量（分别为4.39%和71.17%）有显著的交互作用（分别为1.20 ~ 29.92%），表现出品种特异性的季节响应。氮肥对产量和籽粒大小的影响有限，但增加了蛋白质含量和沉降体积。结论：假设成立。基因型和生长季节是花青素谱和籽粒性状的主要驱动因素，而氮肥主要提高蛋白质相关技术品质，而不是产量或籽粒大小。©2026化学工业协会。

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来源期刊

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 工程技术-农业综合

CiteScore

8.10

自引率

4.90%

发文量

634

审稿时长

3.1 months

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