Clinicopathological analysis and survival outcomes of head and neck spindle cell carcinoma: A systematic review

IF 2.4 3区医学 Q2 DENTISTRY, ORAL SURGERY & MEDICINE

Journal of Stomatology Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Pub Date : 2026-06-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-24 DOI:10.1016/j.jormas.2025.102695

Moisés Willian Aparecido Gonçalves , Iara Vieira Ferreira , Reydson Alcides de Lima-Souza , Guilherme Arruda Vieira , Marcelo Elias Schempf Cattan , Natália Vital Gonçalves , Carlos Takahiro Chone , Alfio José Tincani , Arthur Antolini-Tavares , Erika Said Abu Egal , Albina Altemani , Fernanda Viviane Mariano

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Abstract

Background

This systematic review aimed to summarize the clinicopathological characteristics, molecular profile, treatment, and outcomes of head and neck spindle cell carcinoma (HNSpCC).

Methods

A comprehensive search was performed in five databases and gray literature (December 2024). Associations between clinical variables were tested using Fisher’s exact and Chi-square tests, and survival was analyzed with the Kaplan-Meier method.

Results

Thirty-nine studies reporting 2,250 cases were included. HNSpCC primarily affects adult males, with the larynx being the most common site, followed by the oral cavity and oropharynx, often presenting as polypoid/exophytic tumors. Diagnosis requires careful use of immunohistochemistry, especially vimentin and epithelial markers. Genetic alterations included TP53, EGFR, ALK, and PIK3CA mutations. Surgery was the main treatment; however, local recurrences, regional and distant metastases were frequent. Survival outcomes were influenced by tumor site, stage, and recurrence. Oral cavity tumors showed the worst prognosis, while laryngeal tumors had comparatively better survival.

Conclusions

HNSpCC is an aggressive malignancy with poor outcomes, especially in advanced-stage and oral cavity cases.

查看原文本刊更多论文

头颈部梭形细胞癌的临床病理分析和生存结果：系统回顾。

背景：本系统综述旨在总结头颈部梭形细胞癌（HNSpCC）的临床病理特征、分子特征、治疗和预后。方法：综合检索5个数据库和灰色文献（2024年12月）。临床变量间的相关性采用Fisher精确检验和卡方检验，生存率采用Kaplan-Meier法分析。结果：纳入39项研究，报告2250例。HNSpCC主要影响成年男性，以喉部为最常见部位，其次是口腔和口咽部，常表现为息肉样/外生性肿瘤。诊断需要仔细使用免疫组织化学，特别是静脉蛋白和上皮标记物。遗传改变包括TP53、EGFR、ALK和PIK3CA突变。手术是主要的治疗方法；然而，局部复发，区域和远处转移是常见的。生存结果受肿瘤部位、分期和复发的影响。口腔肿瘤预后最差，喉部肿瘤生存率相对较好。结论：HNSpCC是一种预后较差的侵袭性恶性肿瘤，尤其是在晚期和口腔病例中。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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