Protein post-translational modifications in sepsis: Molecular mechanisms and biomarkers

IF 15.5 1区医学 Q1 CELL BIOLOGY

Ageing Research Reviews Pub Date : 2026-01-01 Epub Date: 2025-12-02 DOI:10.1016/j.arr.2025.102958

Yuze Wang , Hongyi Li , Qian Zhao , Xiang Li , Xuefan Bu , Chenye Ma , Zhihui Liu , Jinghua Yang , Tongwen Sun

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Sepsis is a common and highly fatal condition in intensive care units and is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. As a clinically complex syndrome with intricate pathophysiology, early identification and assessment of sepsis remain challenging. Deeper insights at the molecular level are crucial for understanding the complex pathophysiological mechanisms, discovering new biomarkers, and improving prognosis. Post-translational modifications (PTMs) refer to the attachment of specific chemical groups to amino acid side chains through covalent, enzymatic, or non-enzymatic means, greatly expanding protein diversity and playing critical roles in many cellular signaling pathways. Here, we elucidate the regulatory roles of PTMs in sepsis pathways and key proteins, including immune response, late-stage inflammatory mediators, cellular metabolic reprogramming, and endothelial injury. We also summarize the progress in research on PTM-related sepsis biomarkers, covering diagnosis, prognosis, and organ dysfunction assessment, with a particular focus on the potential of glycosylation as a biomarker. Furthermore, we review current methodologies for studying PTMs. Continued focus on PTMs will pave the way for new possibilities in sepsis research and treatment.

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脓毒症中的蛋白质翻译后修饰：分子机制和生物标志物。

脓毒症是重症监护病房中一种常见且高度致命的疾病，是全世界死亡的主要原因之一。脓毒症作为一种具有复杂病理生理的临床复杂综合征，其早期识别和评估仍然具有挑战性。深入了解分子水平对于理解复杂的病理生理机制、发现新的生物标志物和改善预后至关重要。翻译后修饰（Post-translational修饰，PTMs）是指特定的化学基团通过共价、酶促或非酶手段附着在氨基酸侧链上，极大地扩展了蛋白质的多样性，并在许多细胞信号通路中发挥关键作用。在这里，我们阐明了PTMs在脓毒症途径和关键蛋白中的调节作用，包括免疫反应、晚期炎症介质、细胞代谢重编程和内皮损伤。我们还总结了ptm相关脓毒症生物标志物的研究进展，包括诊断、预后和器官功能障碍评估，并特别关注糖基化作为生物标志物的潜力。此外，我们回顾了目前研究ptm的方法。继续关注ptm将为败血症研究和治疗的新可能性铺平道路。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Ageing Research Reviews 医学-老年医学

CiteScore

19.80

自引率

2.30%

发文量

216

审稿时长

55 days

期刊介绍： With the rise in average human life expectancy, the impact of ageing and age-related diseases on our society has become increasingly significant. Ageing research is now a focal point for numerous laboratories, encompassing leaders in genetics, molecular and cellular biology, biochemistry, and behavior. Ageing Research Reviews (ARR) serves as a cornerstone in this field, addressing emerging trends. ARR aims to fill a substantial gap by providing critical reviews and viewpoints on evolving discoveries concerning the mechanisms of ageing and age-related diseases. The rapid progress in understanding the mechanisms controlling cellular proliferation, differentiation, and survival is unveiling new insights into the regulation of ageing. From telomerase to stem cells, and from energy to oxyradical metabolism, we are witnessing an exciting era in the multidisciplinary field of ageing research. The journal explores the cellular and molecular foundations of interventions that extend lifespan, such as caloric restriction. It identifies the underpinnings of manipulations that extend lifespan, shedding light on novel approaches for preventing age-related diseases. ARR publishes articles on focused topics selected from the expansive field of ageing research, with a particular emphasis on the cellular and molecular mechanisms of the aging process. This includes age-related diseases like cancer, cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and neurodegenerative disorders. The journal also covers applications of basic ageing research to lifespan extension and disease prevention, offering a comprehensive platform for advancing our understanding of this critical field.