Fat talks first: how adipose tissue sets the pace of aging?

IF 6
Life medicine Pub Date : 2025-07-19 eCollection Date: 2025-10-01 DOI:10.1093/lifemedi/lnaf028
Juanhong Liu, Qinlei Huang, Feng Liu
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Abstract

Once viewed primarily as an energy reservoir, adipose tissue (AT) is now recognized as a key endocrinal organ in regulating systemic aging. With age, AT undergoes significant remodeling, marked by altered fat distribution, visceral fat expansion, impaired thermogenesis, and chronic low-grade inflammation, which disrupts metabolic and immune homeostasis. Emerging insights from single-cell and spatial transcriptomics highlight the critical roles of adipose progenitors, immune cells, and senescent cells in driving local dysfunction and systemic decline. Through inflammatory and metabolic signaling, dysfunctional AT actively contributes to age-related pathologies. This review explores how AT functions as both an early sensor and driver of aging and discusses therapeutic opportunities targeting adipose dysfunction to promote healthy aging.

脂肪先说话:脂肪组织如何决定衰老的速度?
脂肪组织(AT)曾经被认为主要是一个能量储存库,现在被认为是调节全身衰老的关键内分泌器官。随着年龄的增长,AT经历了显著的重塑,其特征是脂肪分布改变、内脏脂肪扩张、产热受损和慢性低度炎症,从而破坏代谢和免疫稳态。来自单细胞和空间转录组学的新见解强调了脂肪祖细胞、免疫细胞和衰老细胞在驱动局部功能障碍和全身衰退中的关键作用。通过炎症和代谢信号,功能失调的AT积极参与与年龄相关的病理。这篇综述探讨了AT如何作为衰老的早期传感器和驱动因素,并讨论了针对脂肪功能障碍的治疗机会,以促进健康衰老。
本文章由计算机程序翻译,如有差异,请以英文原文为准。
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