Investigation of Bisphenol A, Bisphenol B, Bisphenol E and Bisphenol F concentrations in wet cat foods and risk assessment

Abstract

The aim of the study was to investigate the concentrations of bisphenols (BPs) in canned (n = 72) and pouched (n = 24) wet cat food sold in Türkiye, and to assess health risks for male and female, kitten (n = 36) and adult (n = 60) cats based on consumption according to the daily feeding guide provided on the labels. The mean concentrations (μg kg⁻¹) of BPA, BPB, BPE, and BPF were 11.73, 4.96, 4.78, and 10.53, respectively, in canned kitten food. In pouched kitten food, the mean concentrations were < LOD, 13.11, 10.18, and 35.25, respectively. In adult cat canned food, the mean concentrations were 6.95, 3.29, 1.90, and 12.80, respectively. In adult cat pouched wet food, the mean concentrations were 2.33, 3.76, 17.84, and 20.59, respectively. Except for the BPA concentrations, the differences between the concentrations in the canned kitten and pouched wet foods were statistically insignificant (P ≥ 0.05). As a result, it was concluded that consumption of canned (HI: 1.2) or pouched (HI: 2.5) wet food for females, and pouched (HI: 1.5) wet food for males, may pose a health risk. Therefore, it is suggested that daily feeding guides for cat food should be based on body weight rather than age for kittens, and that risk assessment studies should be expanded with additional exposure scenarios.