Associations of temporal protein patterns with diabetes and glycemic measures.

IF 3.8 2区 医学 Q1 NUTRITION & DIETETICS
Hesti Retno Budi Arini, Rebecca M Leech, Sze-Yen Tan, Sarah A McNaughton
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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Purpose: This study aimed to examine temporal protein patterns (i.e., protein intake timing across the day) in American adults and their associations with diabetes, BMI and glycaemic measures.

Methods: Total protein intake at eating occasions was estimated from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey 2017-2020 one-day dietary recall data (≥ 20 y; n = 7625). Latent variable mixture models were used to identify temporal patterns based on hourly protein intake (g). Adults with fasting glucose ≥ 7.0 mmol/L, poor glycaemic control (HbA1c ≥ 6.5%), diabetic medications, or previous diabetes diagnosis were classified as having diabetes. Regression models were used to examine associations for temporal protein patterns with diabetes prevalence, BMI and glycaemic measures (fasting glucose, HbA1c, insulin, Homeostatic Model Assessment of Insulin Resistance), adjusted for multiple confounders.

Results: Three latent classes for men's and women's temporal protein patterns were identified. Class 1 had higher conditional probabilities of eating protein at 18:00 h, while Class 2 tended to eat protein 1-h later than Class 1 and had higher overall protein intake (p < 0.001). Class 3 was characterised by variable protein intake timing and had lower overall protein intake than other classes (p < 0.001). Men's Class 1 had lower probabilities for poor glycaemic control (5.9%), but associations were attenuated after adjusting for BMI. There were no associations between temporal protein patterns with diabetes, BMI and other glycaemic measures.

Conclusions: Temporal protein patterns were not associated with diabetes and glycaemic measures. Future prospective studies may better examine the effects of temporal protein patterns on diabetes by considering variations in protein sources.

时间蛋白模式与糖尿病和血糖测量的关系。
目的:本研究旨在研究美国成年人的时间蛋白质模式(即一天中蛋白质摄入的时间)及其与糖尿病、BMI和血糖测量的关系。方法:根据2017-2020年全国健康与营养检查调查(National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey)单日膳食回忆数据(≥20 y; n = 7625)估算饮食场合的总蛋白质摄入量。使用潜在变量混合模型来确定基于每小时蛋白质摄入量(g)的时间模式。空腹血糖≥7.0 mmol/L、血糖控制不良(HbA1c≥6.5%)、糖尿病药物治疗或既往糖尿病诊断的成年人被归类为糖尿病。回归模型用于检查时间蛋白模式与糖尿病患病率、BMI和血糖测量(空腹血糖、糖化血红蛋白、胰岛素、胰岛素抵抗稳态模型评估)之间的关系,并对多个混杂因素进行了调整。结果:确定了男性和女性颞叶蛋白模式的三个潜在类别。1类在18:00 h进食蛋白质的条件概率更高,而2类倾向于比1类晚1-h进食蛋白质,并且总蛋白质摄入量更高(p)。未来的前瞻性研究可能会通过考虑蛋白质来源的变化来更好地检查时间蛋白模式对糖尿病的影响。
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来源期刊
Nutrition Journal
Nutrition Journal NUTRITION & DIETETICS-
CiteScore
9.80
自引率
0.00%
发文量
68
审稿时长
4-8 weeks
期刊介绍: Nutrition Journal publishes surveillance, epidemiologic, and intervention research that sheds light on i) influences (e.g., familial, environmental) on eating patterns; ii) associations between eating patterns and health, and iii) strategies to improve eating patterns among populations. The journal also welcomes manuscripts reporting on the psychometric properties (e.g., validity, reliability) and feasibility of methods (e.g., for assessing dietary intake) for human nutrition research. In addition, study protocols for controlled trials and cohort studies, with an emphasis on methods for assessing dietary exposures and outcomes as well as intervention components, will be considered. Manuscripts that consider eating patterns holistically, as opposed to solely reductionist approaches that focus on specific dietary components in isolation, are encouraged. Also encouraged are papers that take a holistic or systems perspective in attempting to understand possible compensatory and differential effects of nutrition interventions. The journal does not consider animal studies. In addition to the influence of eating patterns for human health, we also invite research providing insights into the environmental sustainability of dietary practices. Again, a holistic perspective is encouraged, for example, through the consideration of how eating patterns might maximize both human and planetary health.
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