Multifaceted Mechanisms of Cyprosulfamide in Mitigating Mesosulfuron-Methyl Phytotoxicity in Maize Seedlings: GST Activation, Oxidative Stress Alleviation, and Target-Site Competition.

IF 6.2 1区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry Pub Date : 2025-10-09 DOI:10.1021/acs.jafc.5c07590

Wangcang Su,Chen Zhang,Lanlan Sun,Hongle Xu,Guoyan Zhang,Fei Xue,Qiuli Leng,Yujia Niu,Renhai Wu

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Abstract

Mesosulfuron-methyl (MS), a sulfonylurea herbicide used in wheat, poses significant residual phytotoxicity risks to subsequent maize (Zea mays L.) crops. This study evaluated the protective role of the safener cyprosulfamide (CSA) through physiological, biochemical, and molecular analyses. MS treatment drastically reduced maize shoot length and fresh weight by 80.74% and 74.24%, respectively, while CSA pretreatment significantly relieved these inhibitory effects, with the mitigation rates of shoot length and fresh weight reaching 66.3% and 63.57%, respectively. Physiologically, CSA alleviated MS-induced chlorophyll and carotenoid losses and reduced oxidative stress by lowering malondialdehyde (MDA) levels (23.39% at 6 days after sowing) while enhancing superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity. Molecularly, CSA upregulated nine GST genes, competitively bound to ZmALS1/2, increasing acetolactate synthase (ALS) activity by 70-146%, and reduced MS residues in shoots (4.02%) and roots (33.78%). These findings demonstrate CSA's multifunctional detoxification mechanism, combining gene activation, antioxidant regulation, and target-site competition, offering a viable strategy to mitigate herbicide carryover in crop rotations. CSA application could significantly reduce MS phytotoxicity, advancing sustainable herbicide management.

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中磺隆-甲基（MS）是一种用于小麦的磺酰脲类除草剂，对后续玉米（Zea mays L.）作物具有显著的残留植物毒性风险。本研究通过生理、生化和分子分析评价了安全剂环磺胺（CSA）的保护作用。MS处理对玉米茎长和鲜重的抑制率分别为80.74%和74.24%，而CSA处理对玉米茎长和鲜重的抑制率分别为66.3%和63.57%，显著缓解了这两种抑制作用。在生理上，CSA通过降低丙二醛（MDA）水平（播后6 d时为23.39%），提高超氧化物歧化酶（SOD）和谷胱甘肽s -转移酶（GST）活性，减轻了ms诱导的叶绿素和类胡萝卜素损失，降低了氧化应激。从分子上看，CSA上调了9个GST基因与ZmALS1/2的竞争性结合，使乙酰乳酸合成酶（acetolactate synthase， ALS）活性提高了70-146%，减少了茎部（4.02%）和根中的MS残留量（33.78%）。这些发现证明了CSA的多功能解毒机制，结合了基因激活、抗氧化调节和靶位竞争，为减少作物轮作中除草剂的携带提供了可行的策略。应用CSA可显著降低MS的植物毒性，促进除草剂的可持续管理。

本文章由计算机程序翻译，如有差异，请以英文原文为准。

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来源期刊

Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry 农林科学-农业综合

CiteScore

9.90

自引率

8.20%

发文量

1375

审稿时长

2.3 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry publishes high-quality, cutting edge original research representing complete studies and research advances dealing with the chemistry and biochemistry of agriculture and food. The Journal also encourages papers with chemistry and/or biochemistry as a major component combined with biological/sensory/nutritional/toxicological evaluation related to agriculture and/or food.