Valorization of olive mill wastewater: improving the polyphenolic content, antioxidant potential, and cytotoxicity profile of extra virgin olive oil extract.

IF 3.5 2区农林科学 Q1 AGRICULTURE, MULTIDISCIPLINARY

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture Pub Date : 2025-10-02 DOI:10.1002/jsfa.70232

Francisca Rodrigues, Doretta Cuffaro, Ana Margarida Silva, Massimiliano Mirabeni, Simone Bertini, Marco Macchia, Maria Digiacomo

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引用次数: 0

Abstract

Background: The extra virgin olive oil (EVOO) industry generates significant quantities of by-products, such as olive oil mill wastewater (OMWW), which could be valorized for their high bioactive compound content. The aim of this study was to investigate the positive impact of incorporating a polyphenol-rich extract from OMWW into EVOO extract, focusing on the improvement in polyphenol content, antioxidant properties, and effects on intestinal cell viability. Specifically, increasing concentrations of OMWW extract (1, 10, 20, and 50%) were added to the EVOO extract, and the preliminary screening based on antioxidant activity was assessed using a 2,2-diphenyl-1-picryl-hydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging assay.

Results: The EVOO/OMWW 50% extract exhibited the highest DPPH radical scavenging activity (92.23%) and demonstrated superior antioxidant properties in comparison with pure EVOO and OMWW extracts. High-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis revealed enrichment of polyphenols in the selected EVOO/OMWW 50% extract. The antioxidant/antiradical activity of EVOO/OMWW 50% extract was further investigated through various assays, including 2,2'-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS), ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP), and hypochlorous acid (HOCl) scavenging tests. Considerable activity was revealed, significantly superior to that of the EVOO extract. Furthermore, the extract did not exhibit any significant cytotoxicity in human intestinal cell lines (Caco-2 and HT29-MTX), indicating its safety for potential nutraceutical applications.

Conclusion: These results suggest that the incorporation of OMWW into EVOO extract can improve its antioxidant/antiradical potential significantly, providing a promising approach for the valorization of OMWW waste in the enhancement of the EVOO nutraceutical properties. © 2025 Society of Chemical Industry.

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橄榄厂废水的增值处理：提高特级初榨橄榄油提取物的多酚含量、抗氧化潜力和细胞毒性。

背景：特级初榨橄榄油（EVOO）工业产生了大量的副产品，如橄榄油厂废水（OMWW），这些副产品可以因其高生物活性化合物含量而得到有效利用。本研究的目的是探讨在EVOO提取物中加入富含多酚的OMWW提取物的积极影响，重点是提高多酚含量、抗氧化性能和对肠道细胞活力的影响。具体来说，在EVOO提取物中加入不同浓度的OMWW提取物（1,10,20和50%），并使用2,2-二苯基-1-苦味酰肼（DPPH）自由基清除实验评估基于抗氧化活性的初步筛选。结果：与纯EVOO和纯OMWW提取物相比，EVOO/OMWW 50%提取物具有最高的DPPH自由基清除活性（92.23%），并具有更好的抗氧化性能。高效液相色谱（HPLC）分析显示，所选的EVOO/OMWW 50%提取物中多酚类物质富集。通过2,2′-氮基-双-（3-乙基苯并噻唑啉-6-磺酸）（ABTS）、铁还原抗氧化能力（FRAP）和次氯酸（HOCl）清除试验，进一步研究了EVOO/OMWW 50%提取物的抗氧化/抗自由基活性。显示出相当大的活性，显著优于EVOO提取物。此外，该提取物对人类肠道细胞系（Caco-2和HT29-MTX）没有表现出任何显著的细胞毒性，表明其具有潜在的营养保健应用安全性。结论：在EVOO提取物中掺入OMWW可显著提高其抗氧化/抗自由基能力，为利用OMWW废物增强EVOO的营养价值提供了一条有希望的途径。©2025化学工业协会。

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来源期刊

Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture 工程技术-农业综合

CiteScore

8.10

自引率

4.90%

发文量

634

审稿时长

3.1 months

期刊介绍： The Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture publishes peer-reviewed original research, reviews, mini-reviews, perspectives and spotlights in these areas, with particular emphasis on interdisciplinary studies at the agriculture/ food interface. Published for SCI by John Wiley & Sons Ltd. SCI (Society of Chemical Industry) is a unique international forum where science meets business on independent, impartial ground. Anyone can join and current Members include consumers, business people, environmentalists, industrialists, farmers, and researchers. The Society offers a chance to share information between sectors as diverse as food and agriculture, pharmaceuticals, biotechnology, materials, chemicals, environmental science and safety. As well as organising educational events, SCI awards a number of prestigious honours and scholarships each year, publishes peer-reviewed journals, and provides Members with news from their sectors in the respected magazine, Chemistry & Industry . Originally established in London in 1881 and in New York in 1894, SCI is a registered charity with Members in over 70 countries.